2V0-51.23 Sample Questions Answers

Integrating a Linux OS-based desktop into Active Directory can be achieved using Winbind for domain joining and authentication, Windows Domain Join through tools like Samba, and System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) for LDAP authentication against Active Directory. These methods enable Linux desktops to participate in a Windows-centric environment, allowing for centralized authentication and management.

Global Entitlements in VMware Horizon allow for the aggregation of resources across multiple pods and sites into a single entitlement. This feature is particularly beneficial when publishing applications that are hosted across different pods, as it ensures that users see only one icon for the application, regardless of which pod it is hosted on, simplifying the user experience and administration of applications in a multi-pod Horizon environment.

To deploy a RDS desktop pool with the new standard of Windows Server 2019, the steps should be ordered as follows:

• Prepare the Windows Server 2019 golden image. This is the first step because you'll need a prepared OS image to base your RDS desktop pool on.
• Add an Automated Farm. Once your golden image is ready, you can set up an automated farm for the RDS desktop pool.
• Add a RDS desktop pool. Using the automated farm and the prepared golden image, you can now add the RDS desktop pool.
• Entitle AD users and/or groups. With the RDS desktop pool in place, the next step is to give Active Directory (AD) users and groups the necessary entitlements to access the desktops.
• Launch Horizon Client and verify access to RDS desktop. As the final verification step, launch the Horizon Client to ensure that you can access the newly created RDS desktop pool and that everything is functioning as expected.

So, the sequential order is: Prepare the Windows Server 2019 golden image -> Add an Automated Farm -> Add a RDS desktop pool -> Entitle AD users and/or groups -> Launch Horizon Client and verify access to RDS desktop.

To entitle users and groups to pools, you need to perform the following steps:

• During pool creation in the entitlement pane, click on add, search for users and groups in the Active Directory, continue and finish the pool creation. This option allows you to entitle users and groups to a desktop or application pool at the same time as you create the pool3.
• Navigate to Inventory > Desktops > check mark a pool > click on Add Entitlement. This option allows you to add entitlements to an existing desktop or application pool after you create the pool4.
• Navigate to Users and Groups > Entitlements > click on Entitlements > click on Add Entitlements, search for users and groups in the Users pane and add the desired desktop pool in the next pane Desktop Pools. This option allows you to review and manage the entitlements for users and groups from a single location5.

The other options are not required or valid for entitling users and groups to pools. Running the Active Directory entitlement script in the golden master is not necessary as Horizon 8 automatically synchronizes with Active Directory domains that are configured in Horizon Console6. Specifying the desired Active Directory OU for the VMs during pool creation does not automatically add the preconfigured associated user group to the Horizon entitlements as you still need to select the users or groups from the search results7. References := 3: VMware Horizon 8 Documentation: Add Entitlements During Pool Creation 4: VMware Horizon 8 Documentation: Add Entitlements After Pool Creation 5: VMware Horizon 8 Documentation: Review and Manage Entitlements 6: VMware Horizon 8 Documentation: Active Directory Requirements for Horizon Connection Server 7: VMware Horizon 8 Documentation: Create an Automated Desktop Pool

The default URL used to access the Horizon Console is https:// /admin, where is the fully qualified domain name of the Connection Server instance. This URL allows you to log in to Horizon Console by using a secure (TLS) connection. You can also use the IP address of the Connection Server instance instead of the FQDN, but this might result in blocked access or reduced security due to certificate mismatch. You cannot use https://localhost to connect from the Connection Server host, but you can use https://127.0.0.1 instead. The other options are not valid URLs for Horizon Console.  References: Log In to Horizon Console

For a global entitlement to include local desktop pools, the settings and configurations of the global entitlement must be compatible with those of the local pools. If there is a mismatch in settings, such as display protocol, user assignment type (dedicated or floating), or other critical configurations, the local pools will not appear as selectable options when adding them to a global entitlement.

To enable the Senior Administrator's team, which is part of the "Horizon View Operators" AD group, to connect to vCenter and update the golden image, the Senior Administrator needs to assign the appropriate permissions in the vSphere Client. By adding the group to the vCenter Server with the necessary roles and privileges, members of the "Horizon View Operators" group will be able to access and modify the VMs required for maintaining the desktop pools in the VMware Horizon environment.

Instant clones are a type of virtual machines that are created by cloning a running parent VM in memory, without requiring a full disk copy. This allows for faster provisioning and updating of RDS hosts in a farm. Instant clones can be patched in a rolling process with zero downtime by using the push-image operation, which replaces the existing instant clones with new ones that have the latest patches applied. The push-image operation can be performed on a per-farm basis or on multiple farms at once. The push-image operation preserves the user sessions and data on the existing instant clones until they are logged off or disconnected, and then deletes them. The new instant clones inherit the same settings and assignments as the old ones. Therefore, to deploy a RDS farm that can be patched in a rolling process with zero downtime, the administrator should create an instant-clone RDS desktop farm. References: Instant Clones for RDSH in VMware Horizon 7.1 and [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional Course]

The reason for the issue is that the administrator may not have added an instant clone domain administrator to VMware Horizon. This is a requirement for creating an automated farm of instant-clone virtual machines using the Add Farm wizard.

An instant clone domain administrator is a user account in Microsoft Active Directory that allows Connection Server to perform certain operations related to instant clones in Active Directory, such as joining instant-clone virtual machines to the domain, creating computer accounts, and deleting computer accounts. The administrator must create and configure this account in Active Directory and then specify the user name and password in VMware Horizon.

To add an instant clone domain administrator to VMware Horizon, the administrator needs to follow these steps:

• In the Horizon Console, select Settings > Domains > Domain Accounts.
• Click Add.
• Enter the domain, user name, and password for the instant clone domain administrator.

After adding the instant clone domain administrator to VMware Horizon, the administrator can proceed with creating an automated farm of instant-clone virtual machines using the Add Farm wizard.

The other options are not the reason for the issue:

• In the Add Farm wizard, the administrator may not have selected Automated Farm as farm type: This option is not relevant to the issue, as the farm type selection is done in a later page of the Add Farm wizard, after selecting the domain and the AD container. The page displayed in the exhibit is the Identification and Settings page, which is the first page of the Add Farm wizard.
• The administrator did not prepare a RDSH golden image snapshot: This option is not relevant to the issue, as the RDSH golden image snapshot selection is done in a later page of the Add Farm wizard, after selecting the domain and the AD container. The page displayed in the exhibit is the Identification and Settings page, which does not require a RDSH golden image snapshot.
• The administrator did not add the RDSH golden image to the correct domain: This option is not relevant to the issue, as the RDSH golden image domain selection is done in a later page of the Add Farm wizard, after selecting the domain and the AD container. The page displayed in the exhibit is the Identification and Settings page, which does not require a RDSH golden image domain.

References: Configuring an Instant Clone Domain Administrator in Active Directory, Add an Instant-Clone Domain Administrator, and [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional Course]

In VMware Horizon, the Pre-Launch feature allows for the initiation of applications immediately after user authentication, reducing the launch time of frequently used applications. By editing the application pool settings and enabling the Pre-Launch option, administrators can improve user experience by having critical applications ready as soon as the authentication process is completed.

To create an instant-clone desktop pool, you must first create a golden image virtual machine and take a snapshot of it in a powered-down state. This snapshot provides the base image for the clones. You cannot create an instant-clone desktop pool from a VM template or a powered-on VM. Therefore, the administrator must take a snapshot of the VM that is the golden image before creating the new desktop pool. References: Create an Instant-Clone Desktop Pool and Instant Clone Desktop Pools

In the Group Policy Management Editor window shown, the administrator should configure the "VMware Horizon Performance Tracker" setting to be able to see the desktop VM's active session in the vSphere Console. However, this setting is not directly visible in the screenshot provided. The Performance Tracker is a tool that enables the monitoring of session performance and is used for this purpose.

In the list shown, there is no specific setting under "VMware Blast" that directly allows for the monitoring of active sessions in the vSphere Console. Typically, active session monitoring in the vSphere Console is not solely managed via Group Policy but also involves settings within the VMware Horizon Console itself and the vSphere infrastructure.

If the task requires enabling something from Group Policy for better visibility or performance tracking of the VM's active sessions, then the closest relevant setting in the context of VMware Blast would be the "VMware Horizon Performance Tracker" if it was listed or part of another category in the Group Policy settings.

VMware Horizon Client Configuration

Cloud Pod Architecture is a feature that allows administrators to link multiple Horizon pods across sites and data centers to form a single logical entity called a pod federation. Cloud Pod Architecture enables global entitlements, which allow users to access desktops and applications from any pod in the pod federation. Cloud Pod Architecture also provides load balancing, high availability, and disaster recovery capabilities for Horizon deployments.

However, Cloud Pod Architecture has some feature limitations that administrators should be aware of. Two of these limitations are:

• Cloud Pod Architecture does not support Active Directory two-way trusts between domains: This means that the domains that contain the Horizon pods in the pod federation must have a one-way trust relationship, where the domain that contains the Cloud Pod Architecture home site trusts all the other domains, but not vice versa. A two-way trust relationship, where each domain trusts and is trusted by all the other domains, is not supported by Cloud Pod Architecture and can cause authentication and entitlement issues.
• Kiosk mode clients are not supported unless a workaround has been implemented: This means that users who log in to Horizon Client in kiosk mode, which is a mode that allows users to access a single desktop or application without entering credentials, cannot access desktops or applications from a Cloud Pod Architecture implementation. Kiosk mode clients are not compatible with global entitlements and load balancing features of Cloud Pod Architecture. However, there is a workaround that involves creating a dedicated user account and a dedicated desktop pool for each kiosk mode client and using a script to launch Horizon Client with the appropriate parameters. For instructions, see VMware Knowledge Base (KB) article 21488881.

The other options are not limitations of Cloud Pod Architecture:

• Cloud Pod Architecture is supported with Unified Access Gateway appliances: Unified Access Gateway is a platform that provides secure edge services for Horizon deployments, such as secure remote access, load balancing, and authentication. Unified Access Gateway is compatible with Cloud Pod Architecture and can be configured to route user requests to the appropriate pod in the pod federation based on global entitlements and load balancing policies.
• Cloud Pod Architecture can span multiple sites and data centers simultaneously: This is one of the main benefits of Cloud Pod Architecture, as it allows administrators to scale up and out their Horizon deployments across different geographic locations and network boundaries. Cloud Pod Architecture can support up to 15 pods per pod federation and up to 5 sites per pod federation, with a maximum of 200,000 sessions per pod federation.
• The Cloud Pod Architecture feature is supported in an IPv6 environment: IPv6 is the latest version of the Internet Protocol that provides a larger address space and enhanced security features for network communication. Cloud Pod Architecture supports IPv6 environments and can operate in mixed IPv4 and IPv6 environments as well.

References: Cloud Pod Architecture Limitations in Horizon 8 and [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional Course]

Application Profiler is a tool that analyzes the registry and file system locations where the settings for a particular application are stored, and creates a Flex configuration file for use with Dynamic Environment Manager. Application Profiler is installed using VMware Dynamic Environment Manager Enterprise Setup Wizard and explicitly selecting local drive installation1. This option allows you to install Application Profiler on a separate machine from the Dynamic Environment Manager Agent or Management Console. Alternatively, you can install Application Profiler on the same machine as the Dynamic Environment Manager Agent or Management Console, by selecting network share installation1.

VMware Dynamic Environment Manager Agent and the Application Profiler can be installed on the same machine, but it is not recommended. This is because the Dynamic Environment Manager Agent might interfere with the profiling process by applying settings to the application being profiled1. Therefore, it is best to use a clean system for profiling applications.

Application Profiler is not installed automatically when installing VMware Dynamic Environment Manager FlexEngine or Management Console. FlexEngine is the component that applies the user environment settings during logon, logoff, and session reconnect or disconnect events2. Management Console is the component that allows you to configure and manage the user environment settings2. Neither of these components requires Application Profiler to function. Application Profiler is an optional tool that helps you create Flex configuration files for applications that are not included in the predefined settings library1. References:

• VMware Dynamic Environment Manager Overview2
• Using Application Profiler1

Unified Access Gateway (UAG) is a secure gateway appliance that provides access to VMware Horizon based resources such as virtual desktops, RDSH-based applications, and physical Windows machines. UAG supports multiple authentication methods and protocols, such as SAML, OAuth, and RADIUS, to provide secure access to end users from any device and location. UAG also provides edge services such as load balancing, high availability, and firewall rules to optimize the performance and availability of Horizon based resources12. References := 1: VMware Horizon Architecture Planning: Unified Access Gateway 2: VMware Unified Access Gateway Administration Guide: Introduction to Unified Access Gateway

Collaboration is a feature that allows users to invite other users to join an existing Windows or Linux remote desktop session with both screen sharing and audio out features enabled. A remote desktop session that is shared in this way is called a collaborative session. The user that shares a session with another user is called the session owner, and the user that joins a shared session is called a session collaborator. A Horizon administrator must enable the Session Collaboration feature for the desktop pool or farm that contains the remote desktops that support collaboration.

One of the requirements to enable Session Collaboration is to use the VMware Blast display protocol for the remote desktops. VMware Blast is a protocol that provides high-performance, high-quality graphics and multimedia delivery over LAN or WAN networks. VMware Blast supports Session Collaboration by allowing multiple users to view and interact with the same remote desktop session simultaneously. Other display protocols, such as PCoIP or RDP, do not support Session Collaboration and will not allow users to share or join collaborative sessions.

Therefore, to enable Session Collaboration in the VMware Horizon environment, the administrator needs to use the BLAST protocol as a requirement. References: Configuring Session Collaboration, Sharing Remote Desktop Sessions, and [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional Course]

Writable Volumes are user-specific virtual disks that store user-installed applications, data, and settings. App Volumes is a real-time application delivery system that uses Writable Volumes to deliver applications that are not multi-user aware. However, sometimes it might be necessary to prevent App Volumes from persisting specific data between sessions, such as temporary files, application updates, or registry keys. To do this, administrators can specify exclusions for Writable Volumes in a policy file called snapvol.cfg.

The snapvol.cfg file is a text file that contains policy settings for App Volumes. These settings determine which files and registry keys are captured or excluded by App Volumes. The snapvol.cfg file can be customized by administrators to suit different needs and scenarios. The snapvol.cfg file can be applied to both application packages and Writable Volumes.

To specify exclusions for Writable Volumes, administrators can use the following keywords in the snapvol.cfg file:

• exclude_uwv_file: This keyword excludes a file or folder path from being persisted on a Writable Volume. For example, exclude_uwv_file=\Program Files (x86)\Notepad++ excludes the folder location of Notepad++ from being overwritten during an update.
• exclude_uwv_reg: This keyword excludes a registry key or value from being persisted on a Writable Volume. For example, exclude_uwv_reg=\REGISTRY\MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Notepad++ excludes the registry location of Notepad++ from being overwritten during an update.

The snapvol.cfg file must be uploaded to the Writable Volume by using the Update Writable Volumes feature in App Volumes Manager. The exclusions will take effect after the user logs off and logs back in to the desktop.

The other options are not valid files for specifying exclusions for Writable Volumes:

• config.ini: This file is used to configure the App Volumes agent settings, such as the App Volumes Manager address, the logging level, and the SSL certificate validation.
• svservice.log: This file is used to record the App Volumes agent log messages, such as the agent status, the package attachment, and the error messages.
• json.cfg: This file does not exist in App Volumes.

References: Writable Volume Exclusions, Policy Files (snapvol.cfg) in App Volumes, and [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional Course]

The following is the correct answer for the drag and drop question:

• Administrator -> Performs all desktop, session, and pool-related operation.
• Inventory Administrator -> Performs all administrative functions and applies to an Access Group.
• Local Administrator -> No rights to manage Cloud Pod or the Global Data Layer.

Predefined Administrator Roles (vmware.com)

The predefined administrator roles in Horizon console are designed to provide different levels of access and control over the Horizon environment. Each role has a set of privileges that grant the ability to perform specific actions or view certain information. You can assign these roles to users or groups on the root access group, which gives them access to all inventory objects in the system, or on a specific access group or federation access group, which limits their scope to the objects within that group. You cannot modify the predefined roles, but you can create custom roles by selecting individual privileges.

The Administrator role is the most powerful role in Horizon console. It allows the user to perform all administrative operations, including creating and managing desktop pools, sessions, farms, applications, global settings, and other administrators. In a Cloud Pod Architecture environment, this role also enables the user to configure and manage a pod federation and manage remote pod sessions. The Administrator role on the root access group is equivalent to a super user role, as it gives full access to everything in the system. Therefore, you should assign this role to a limited number of users.

The Inventory Administrator role is similar to the Administrator role, but it applies only to an access group. This means that the user can perform all administrative functions on the inventory objects that belong to that access group, such as desktop pools, farms, applications, and sessions. However, the user cannot manage global settings or other administrators. This role is useful for delegating administration of specific resources to different users or groups.

The Local Administrator role is a restricted version of the Inventory Administrator role. It applies only to an access group and does not grant any rights to manage Cloud Pod Architecture features or the Global Data Layer. This means that the user can only manage local inventory objects within that access group, such as desktop pools, farms, applications, and sessions. This role is suitable for administrators who do not need to access or modify global settings or cross-pod resources.

The Help Desk Administrator role is a specialized role that allows the user to perform desktop and application actions for troubleshooting and support purposes. These actions include shutting down, resetting, restarting, logging off, disconnecting, and sending messages to users’ desktops or applications. The user can also perform remote assistance actions such as ending processes or viewing system information for a user’s desktop or application. The user cannot create or modify any inventory objects or settings with this role.

References :=

Some possible references are:

• Predefined Administrator Roles
• Assigning Administrator Roles
• Understanding Roles and Privileges

Access groups are a way of organizing and delegating the administration of machines, desktop pools, application pools, and farms in Horizon. By default, all these objects reside in the root access group, which appears as / or Root (/) in Horizon Console. A high-level administrator can create sub-access groups under the root access group and assign different permissions to different administrators for each access group. For example, a high-level administrator can create an access group called RDS Farms and assign the Inventory Administrators role to a junior-level administrator for that access group. This way, the junior-level administrator can see and manage all the RDS farms that are in the RDS Farms access group, but not the ones that are in other access groups or the root access group. Therefore, to correct the issue of a junior-level administrator not being able to see all RDS farms, a high-level administrator needs to make changes to the access groups and the permissions associated with them. References: Understanding Permissions and Access Groups and [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional Course]

A Trusted Platform Module (vTPM) is a virtualized version of a physical TPM device that provides enhanced security for virtual machines. A vTPM device can be added to a virtual machine to enable features such as encryption, attestation, and key management. A vTPM device requires a Key Management Server (KMS) to store and manage the encryption keys.

To create instant clones VMs with a vTPM device, the vCenter Server user must have certain privileges in addition to those required for instant clones without a vTPM device. One of these privileges is Manage KMS, which allows the user to perform cryptographic operations on the vTPM device, such as cloning, decrypting, encrypting, migrating, and registering. The Manage KMS privilege is part of the Cryptographic operations privilege group on vCenter Server.

The other options are not required only for instant clones VMs with a vTPM device:

• Upgrade virtual machine compatibility: This privilege allows the user to upgrade the virtual hardware version of a virtual machine to support new features and capabilities. This privilege is required for instant clones VMs regardless of whether they have a vTPM device or not.
• Configure Host USB device: This privilege allows the user to configure USB devices on an ESXi host and attach them to a virtual machine. This privilege is not related to vTPM devices or instant clones VMs.
• Manage custom attributes: This privilege allows the user to create, edit, and delete custom attributes for vCenter Server objects. Custom attributes are user-defined fields that can store additional information about objects. This privilege is not related to vTPM devices or instant clones VMs.

References: Privileges Required for the vCenter Server User With Instant Clones, vSphere Virtual Machine Administration, and [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional Course]

The administrator can take two actions to make the golden image show up in the Golden Image selection window. First, they can login to the vSphere Client, select the Golden Image virtual machine and create a snapshot. This will make the golden image available in the selection window. Second, they can login to the vSphere Client, select the Golden Image virtual machine and convert it to a template. This will also make the golden image available in the selection window.

A golden image is a virtual machine that contains the operating system, applications, and settings that are required for an instant clone desktop pool. To create an instant clone desktop pool, the administrator must select a golden image and a snapshot from the vSphere inventory. The snapshot must be taken after installing and configuring the Horizon Agent on the golden image1. If there is no snapshot or no template available, the golden image will not show up in the selection window.

The other options are not correct for this scenario:

• Login to the vSphere Client, select the Golden Image virtual machine and delete all snapshots. This option is not correct because deleting all snapshots will not make the golden image show up in the selection window. In fact, it will prevent the administrator from creating an instant clone desktop pool, as a snapshot is required for instant cloning2.
• Refresh the Select Golden Image view and select the Golden Image. This option is not correct because refreshing the view will not change the availability of the golden image in the selection window. The administrator must create a snapshot or a template of the golden image before it can be selected.
• Login to the vSphere Client, select the Golden Image virtual machine and clone it to a new virtual machine. This option is not correct because cloning the golden image to a new virtual machine will not make it show up in the selection window. The administrator must still create a snapshot or a template of the cloned virtual machine before it can be selected.

References:

• Preparing a Golden Image Virtual Machine for Instant-Clones
• Snapshot vmdk files of the golden image used to publish Instant clone …
• Create an Automated Instant-Clone Desktop Pool
• Instant Clone Desktop Pools
• [VMware Horizon 8.x Professional]