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DOP-C02 Sample Questions Answers

Questions 4

A company is reviewing its 1AM policies. One policy written by the DevOps engineer has been (lagged as too permissive. The policy is used by an AWS Lambda function that issues a stop command to Amazon EC2 instances tagged with Environment: NonProduccion over the weekend. The current policy is:

What changes should the engineer make to achieve a policy ot least permission? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Option A

B.

option B

C.

option C

D.

option D

E.

Option E

F.

Option F

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Questions 5

A company is performing vulnerability scanning for all Amazon EC2 instances across many accounts. The accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. Each account's VPCs are attached to a shared transit gateway. The VPCs send traffic to the internet through a central egress VPC. The company has enabled Amazon Inspector in a delegated administrator account and has enabled scanning for all member accounts.

A DevOps engineer discovers that some EC2 instances are listed in the "not scanning" tab in Amazon Inspector.

Which combination of actions should the DevOps engineer take to resolve this issue? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Verify that AWS Systems Manager Agent is installed and is running on the EC2 instances that Amazon Inspector is not scanning.

B.

Associate the target EC2 instances with security groups that allow outbound communication on port 443 to the AWS Systems Manager service endpoint.

C.

Grant inspector: StartAssessmentRun permissions to the IAM role that the DevOps engineer is using.

D.

Configure EC2 Instance Connect for the EC2 instances that Amazon Inspector is not scanning.

E.

Associate the target EC2 instances with instance profiles that grant permissions to communicate with AWS Systems Manager.

F.

Create a managed-instance activation. Use the Activation Code and the Activation ID to register the EC2 instances.

Questions 6

A company releases a new application in a new AWS account. The application includes an AWS Lambda function that processes messages from an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SOS) standard queue. The Lambda function stores the results in an Amazon S3 bucket for further downstream processing. The Lambda function needs to process the messages within a specific period of time after the messages are published. The Lambda function has a batch size of 10 messages and takes a few seconds to process a batch of messages.

As load increases on the application's first day of service, messages in the queue accumulate at a greater rate than the Lambda function can process the messages. Some messages miss the required processing timelines. The logs show that many messages in the queue have data that is not valid. The company needs to meet the timeline requirements for messages that have valid data.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Increase the Lambda function's batch size. Change the SOS standard queue to an SOS FIFO queue. Request a Lambda concurrency increase in the AWS Region.

B.

Reduce the Lambda function's batch size. Increase the SOS message throughput quota. Request a Lambda concurrency increase in the AWS Region.

C.

Increase the Lambda function's batch size. Configure S3 Transfer Acceleration on the S3 bucket. Configure an SOS dead-letter queue.

D.

Keep the Lambda function's batch size the same. Configure the Lambda function to report failed batch items. Configure an SOS dead-letter queue.

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Questions 7

A company hosts applications in its AWS account Each application logs to an individual Amazon CloudWatch log group. The company’s CloudWatch costs for ingestion are increasing

A DevOps engineer needs to Identify which applications are the source of the increased logging costs.

Which solution Will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use CloudWatch metrics to create a custom expression that Identifies the CloudWatch log groups that have the most data being written to them.

B.

Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to create a set of queries for the application log groups to Identify the number of logs written for a period of time

C.

Use AWS Cost Explorer to generate a cost report that details the cost for CloudWatch usage

D.

Use AWS CloudTrail to filter for CreateLogStream events for each application

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Questions 8

A company must encrypt all AMIs that the company shares across accounts. A DevOps engineer has access to a source account where an unencrypted custom AMI has been built. The DevOps engineer also has access to a target account where an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group will launch EC2 instances from the AMI. The DevOps engineer must share the AMI with the target account.

The company has created an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key in the source account.

Which additional steps should the DevOps engineer perform to meet the requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

In the source account, copy the unencrypted AMI to an encrypted AMI. Specify the KMS key in the copy action.

B.

In the source account, copy the unencrypted AMI to an encrypted AMI. Specify the default Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) encryption key in the copy action.

C.

In the source account, create a KMS grant that delegates permissions to the Auto Scaling group service-linked role in the target account.

D.

In the source account, modify the key policy to give the target account permissions to create a grant. In the target account, create a KMS grant that delegates permissions to the Auto Scaling group service-linked role.

E.

In the source account, share the unencrypted AMI with the target account.

F.

In the source account, share the encrypted AMI with the target account.

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Questions 9

A company is developing a mobile app that requires extensive automated testing across multiple device types. The company is using AWS CodePipeline for its CI/CD pipeline. The company must implement a scalable testing solution that can handle increased test loads as the app grows. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST management overhead?

Options:

A.

Integrate AWS Device Farm with the pipeline to run the tests and scale as needed.

B.

Deploy a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances with various mobile device emulators and auto scaling to run the tests. Create a custom AWS Lambda function to invoke EC2 test runs.

C.

Implement a containerized testing solution that uses Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with auto scaling. Configure the pipeline to invoke an AWS Lambda function to start the test runs on the ECS cluster.

D.

Use AWS Lambda functions with custom runtime emulators to run the tests. Integrate the Lambda functions with the pipeline.

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Questions 10

A company has an organization in AWS Organizations. The organization includes workload accounts that contain enterprise applications. The company centrally manages users from an operations account. No users can be created in the workload accounts. The company recently added an operations team and must provide the operations team members with administrator access to each workload account.

Which combination of actions will provide this access? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Create a SysAdmin role in the operations account. Attach the AdministratorAccess policy to the role. Modify the trust relationship to allow the sts:AssumeRole action from the workload accounts.

B.

Create a SysAdmin role in each workload account. Attach the AdministratorAccess policy to the role. Modify the trust relationship to allow the sts:AssumeRole action from the operations account.

C.

Create an Amazon Cognito identity pool in the operations account. Attach the SysAdmin role as an authenticated role.

D.

In the operations account, create an IAM user for each operations team member.

E.

In the operations account, create an IAM user group that is named SysAdmins. Add an IAM policy that allows the sts:AssumeRole action for the SysAdmin role in each workload account. Add all operations team members to the group.

F.

Create an Amazon Cognito user pool in the operations account. Create an Amazon Cognito user for each operations team member.

Questions 11

A company needs to implement failover for its application. The application includes an Amazon CloudFront distribution and a public Application Load Balancer (ALB) in an AWS Region. The company has configured the ALB as the default origin for the distribution.

After some recent application outages, the company wants a zero-second RTO. The company deploys the application to a secondary Region in a warm standby configuration. A DevOps engineer needs to automate the failover of the application to the secondary Region so that HTTP GET requests meet the desired RTO.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a second CloudFront distribution that has the secondary ALB as the default origin. Create Amazon Route 53 alias records that have a failover policy and Evaluate Target Health set to Yes for both CloudFront distributions. Update the application to use the new record set.

B.

Create a new origin on the distribution for the secondary ALB. Create a new origin group. Set the original ALB as the primary origin. Configure the origin group to fail over for HTTP 5xx status codes. Update the default behavior to use the origin group.

C.

Create Amazon Route 53 alias records that have a failover policy and Evaluate Target Health set to Yes for both ALBs. Set the TTL of both records to 0. Update the distribution's origin to use the new record set.

D.

Create a CloudFront function that detects HTTP 5xx status codes. Configure the function to return a 307 Temporary Redirect error response to the secondary ALB if the function detects 5xx status codes. Update the distribution's default behavior to send origin responses to the function.

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Questions 12

A company's production environment uses an AWS CodeDeploy blue/green deployment to deploy an application. The deployment incudes Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups that launch instances that run Amazon Linux 2.

A working appspec. ymi file exists in the code repository and contains the following text.

A DevOps engineer needs to ensure that a script downloads and installs a license file onto the instances before the replacement instances start to handle request traffic. The DevOps engineer adds a hooks section to the appspec. yml file.

Which hook should the DevOps engineer use to run the script that downloads and installs the license file?

Options:

A.

AfterBlockTraffic

B.

BeforeBlockTraffic

C.

Beforelnstall

D.

Down load Bundle

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Questions 13

An IT team has built an AWS CloudFormation template so others in the company can quickly and reliably deploy and terminate an application. The template creates an Amazon EC2 instance with a user data script to install the application and an Amazon S3 bucket that the application uses to serve static webpages while it is running.

All resources should be removed when the CloudFormation stack is deleted. However, the team observes that CloudFormation reports an error during stack deletion, and the S3 bucket created by the stack is not deleted.

How can the team resolve the error in the MOST efficient manner to ensure that all resources are deleted without errors?

Options:

A.

Add a DelelionPolicy attribute to the S3 bucket resource, with the value Delete forcing the bucket to be removed when the stack is deleted.

B.

Add a custom resource with an AWS Lambda function with the DependsOn attribute specifying the S3 bucket, and an IAM role. Write the Lambda function to delete all objects from the bucket when RequestType is Delete.

C.

Identify the resource that was not deleted. Manually empty the S3 bucket and then delete it.

D.

Replace the EC2 and S3 bucket resources with a single AWS OpsWorks Stacks resource. Define a custom recipe for the stack to create and delete the EC2 instance and the S3 bucket.

Questions 14

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts. The organization root has a child OU that is named Department. The Department OU has a child OU that is named Engineering. The default FullAWSAccess policy is attached to the root, the Department OU. and the Engineering OU.

The company has many AWS accounts in the Engineering OU. Each account has an administrative 1AM role with the AdmmistratorAccess 1AM policy attached. The default FullAWSAccessPolicy is also attached to each account.

A DevOps engineer plans to remove the FullAWSAccess policy from the Department OU The DevOps engineer will replace the policy with a policy that contains an Allow statement for all Amazon EC2 API operations.

What will happen to the permissions of the administrative 1AM roles as a result of this change'?

Options:

A.

All API actions on all resources will be allowed

B.

All API actions on EC2 resources will be allowed. All other API actions will be denied.

C.

All API actions on all resources will be denied

D.

All API actions on EC2 resources will be denied. All other API actions will be allowed.

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Questions 15

A DevOps engineer has developed an AWS Lambda function The Lambda function starts an AWS CloudFormation drift detection operation on all supported resources for a specific CloudFormation stack The Lambda function then exits Its invocation The DevOps engineer has created an Amazon EventBrdge scheduled rule that Invokes the Lambda function every hour. An Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic already exists In the AWS account. The DevOps engineer has subscribed to the SNS topic to receive notifications

The DevOps engineer needs to receive a notification as soon as possible when drift is detected in this specific stack configuration.

Which solution Will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the existing EventBridge rule to also target the SNS topic Configure an SNS subscription filter policy to match the Cloud Formation stack. Attach the subscription filter policy to the SNS tomc

B.

Create a second Lambda function to query the CloudFormation API for the drift detection results for the stack Configure the second Lambda function to publish a message to the SNS topic If drift ts detected Adjust the existing EventBridge rule to also target the second Lambda function

C.

Configure Amazon GuardDuty in the account with drift detection for all CloudFormation stacks. Create a second EventBndge rule that reacts to the GuardDuty drift detection event finding for the specific CloudFormation stack. Configure the SNS topic as a target of the second EventBridge rule.

D.

Configure AWS Config in the account. Use the cloudformation-stack-drift-detection-check managed rule. Create a second EventBndge rule that reacts to a compliance change event for the CloudFormaUon stack. Configure the SNS topc as a target of the second EventBridge rule.

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Questions 16

A company's application has an API that retrieves workload metrics. The company needs to audit, analyze, and visualize these metrics from the application to detect issues at scale.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE).

Options:

A.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge schedule to invoke an AWS Lambda function that calls the API to retrieve workload metrics. Store the workload metric data in an Amazon S3 bucket.

B.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge schedule to invoke an AWS Lambda function that calls the API to retrieve workload metrics. Store the workload metric data in an Amazon DynamoDB table that has a DynamoDB stream enabled.

C.

Create an AWS Glue crawler to catalog the workload metric data in the Amazon S3 bucket. Create views in Amazon Athena for the cataloged data.

D.

Connect an AWS Glue crawler to the Amazon DynamoDB stream to catalog the workload metric data. Create views in Amazon Athena for the cataloged data.

E.

Create Amazon QuickSight datasets from the Amazon Athena views. Create a QuickSight analysis to visualize the workload metric data as a dashboard.

F.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard that has custom widgets that invoke AWS Lambda functions. Configure the Lambda functions to query the workload metrics data from the Amazon Athena views.

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Questions 17

A security team is concerned that a developer can unintentionally attach an Elastic IP address to an Amazon EC2 instance in production. No developer should be allowed to attach an Elastic IP address to an instance. The security team must be notified if any production server has an Elastic IP address at any time

How can this task be automated'?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon Athena to query AWS CloudTrail logs to check for any associate-address attempts Create an AWS Lambda function to disassociate the Elastic IP address from the instance, and alert the security team.

B.

Attach an 1AM policy to the developers' 1AM group to deny associate-address permissions Create a custom AWS Config rule to check whether an Elastic IP address is associated with any instance tagged as production, and alert the security team

C.

Ensure that all 1AM groups associated with developers do not have associate-address permissions. Create a scheduled AWS Lambda function to check whether an Elastic IP address is associated with any instance tagged as production, and alert the secunty team if an instance has an Elastic IP address associated with it

D.

Create an AWS Config rule to check that all production instances have EC2 1AM roles that include deny associate-address permissions Verify whether there is an Elastic IP address associated with any instance, and alert the security team if an instance has an Elastic IP address associated with it.

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Questions 18

A company's application is currently deployed to a single AWS Region. Recently, the company opened a new office on a different continent. The users in the new office are experiencing high latency. The company's application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and uses Amazon DynamoDB as the database layer. The instances run in an EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. A DevOps engineer is tasked with minimizing application response times and improving availability for users in both Regions.

Which combination of actions should be taken to address the latency issues? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Create a new DynamoDB table in the new Region with cross-Region replication enabled.

B.

Create new ALB and Auto Scaling group global resources and configure the new ALB to direct traffic to the new Auto Scaling group.

C.

Create new ALB and Auto Scaling group resources in the new Region and configure the new ALB to direct traffic to the new Auto Scaling group.

D.

Create Amazon Route 53 records, health checks, and latency-based routing policies to route to the ALB.

E.

Create Amazon Route 53 aliases, health checks, and failover routing policies to route to the ALB.

F.

Convert the DynamoDB table to a global table.

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Questions 19

A company uses AWS Control Tower to deploy multiple AWS accounts. A security team must automate Control Tower guardrails applied to all accounts in an OU, with version control and rollback capabilities.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create CloudFormation templates per guardrail stored in CodeCommit. Use AWS::ControlTower::EnableControl resources. Automate via CodeBuild.

B.

Same as A but for each account.

C.

Store CloudFormation templates per guardrail in a Git repo. Use CodePipeline in the security account with EventBridge triggering deployments.

D.

Store templates in S3 and trigger deployment with EventBridge PutObject.

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Questions 20

A DevOps engineer manages a company's Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster. The cluster runs on several Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. The DevOps

engineer must implement a solution that logs and reviews all stopped tasks for errors.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to capture task state changes. Send the event to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to investigate stopped tasks.

B.

Configure tasks to write log data in the embedded metric format. Store the logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Monitor the ContainerInstanceCount metric for changes.

C.

Configure the EC2 instances to store logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Create a CloudWatch Contributor Insights rule that uses the EC2 instance log data. Use the Contributor Insights rule to investigate stopped tasks.

D.

Configure an EC2 Auto Scaling lifecycle hook for the EC2_INSTANCE_TERMINATING scale-in event. Write the SystemEventLog file to Amazon S3. Use Amazon Athena to query the log file for errors.

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Questions 21

A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application processes a high volume of messages from an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue.

A DevOps engineer noticed that the application took several hours to process a group of messages from the SQS queue. The average CPU utilization of the Auto Scaling group did not cross the threshold of a target tracking scaling policy when processing the messages. The application that processes the SQS queue publishes logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

The DevOps engineer needs to ensure that the queue is processed quickly.

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to publish a custom metric by using the ApproximateNumberOfMessagesVisible SQS queue attribute and the GroupIn-ServiceInstances Auto Scaling group attribute to publish the queue messages for each instance. Schedule an Amazon EventBridge rule to run the Lambda function every hour. Create a target tracking scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group that uses the custom metric to scal

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to publish a custom metric by using the ApproximateNumberOfMessagesVisible SQS queue attribute and the GroupIn-ServiceInstances Auto Scaling group attribute to publish the queue messages for each instance. Create a CloudWatch subscription filter for the application logs with the Lambda function as the target. Create a target tracking scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group that

C.

Create a target tracking scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group. In the target tracking policy, use the ApproximateNumberOfMessagesVisible SQS queue attribute and the GroupIn-ServiceInstances Auto Scaling group attribute to calculate how many messages are in the queue for each number of instances by using metric math. Use the calculated attribute to scale in and out.

D.

Create an AWS Lambda function that logs the ApproximateNumberOfMessagesVisible attribute of the SQS queue to a CloudWatch Logs log group. Schedule an Amazon EventBridge rule to run the Lambda function every 5 minutes. Create a metric filter to count the number of log events from a CloudWatch logs group. Create a target tracking scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group that uses the custom metric to scale in and out.

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Questions 22

A company has a data ingestion application that runs across multiple AWS accounts. The accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company needs to monitor the application and consolidate access to the application. Currently the company is running the application on Amazon EC2 instances from several Auto Scaling groups. The EC2 instances have no access to the internet because the data is sensitive Engineers have deployed the necessary VPC endpoints. The EC2 instances run a custom AMI that is built specifically tor the application.

To maintain and troubleshoot the application, system administrators need the ability to log in to the EC2 instances. This access must be automated and controlled centrally. The company's security team must receive a notification whenever the instances are accessed.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to send notifications to the security team whenever a user logs in to an EC2 instance Use EC2 Instance Connect to log in to the instances. Deploy Auto Scaling groups by using AWS Cloud Formation Use the cfn-init helper script to deploy appropriate VPC routes for external access Rebuild the custom AMI so that the custom AMI includes AWS Systems Manager Agent.

B.

Deploy a NAT gateway and a bastion host that has internet access Create a security group that allows incoming traffic on all the EC2 instances from the bastion host Install AWS Systems Manager Agent on all the EC2 instances Use Auto Scaling group lifecycle hooks for monitoring and auditing access Use Systems Manager Session Manager to log in to the instances Send logs to a log group m Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Export data to Amazon S3 for aud

C.

Use EC2 Image Builder to rebuild the custom AMI Include the most recent version of AWS Systems Manager Agent in the Image Configure the Auto Scaling group to attach the AmazonSSMManagedinstanceCore role to all the EC2 instances Use Systems Manager Session Manager to log in to the instances Enable logging of session details to Amazon S3 Create an S3 event notification for new file uploads to send a message to the security team through an Ama

D.

Use AWS Systems Manager Automation to build Systems Manager Agent into the custom AMI Configure AWS Configure to attach an SCP to the root organization account to allow the EC2 instances to connect to Systems Manager Use Systems Manager Session Manager to log in to the instances Enable logging of session details to Amazon S3 Create an S3 event notification for new file uploads to send a message to the security team through an Amazon Simple

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Questions 23

A company uses AWS Organizations and AWS Control Tower to manage all the company's AWS accounts. The company uses the Enterprise Support plan.

A DevOps engineer is using Account Factory for Terraform (AFT) to provision new accounts. When new accounts are provisioned, the DevOps engineer notices that the support plan for the new accounts is set to the Basic Support plan. The DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution to provision the new accounts with the Enterprise Support plan.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use an AWS Config conformance pack to deploy the account-part-of-organizations AWS Config rule and to automatically remediate any noncompliant accounts.

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function to create a ticket for AWS Support to add the account to the Enterprise Support plan. Grant the Lambda function the support:ResolveCase permission.

C.

Add an additional value to the control_tower_parameters input to set the AWSEnterpriseSupport parameter as the organization's management account number.

D.

Set the aft_feature_enterprise_support feature flag to True in the AFT deployment input configuration. Redeploy AFT and apply the changes.

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Questions 24

A company is running its ecommerce website on AWS. The website is currently hosted on a single Amazon EC2 instance in one Availability Zone. A MySQL database runs on the same EC2 instance. The company needs to eliminate single points of failure in the architecture to improve the website's availability and resilience. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST configuration changes to the website?

Options:

A.

Deploy the application by using AWS Fargate containers. Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB. Use Amazon API Gateway to route requests.

B.

Deploy the application on EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones. Put the EC2 instances into an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. Migrate the database to Amazon Aurora Multi-AZ. Use Amazon CloudFront for content delivery.

C.

Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy the application across multiple AWS Regions. Migrate the database to Amazon Redshift. Use Amazon ElastiCache for session management.

D.

Migrate the application to AWS Lambda functions. Use Amazon S3 for static content hosting. Migrate the database to Amazon DocumentDB (with MongoDB compatibility).

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Questions 25

A company has containerized all of its in-house quality control applications. The company is running Jenkins on Amazon EC2 instances, which require patching and upgrading. The compliance officer has requested a DevOps engineer begin encrypting build artifacts since they contain company intellectual property.

What should the DevOps engineer do to accomplish this in the MOST maintainable manner?

Options:

A.

Automate patching and upgrading using AWS Systems Manager on EC2 instances and encrypt Amazon EBS volumes by default.

B.

Deploy Jenkins to an Amazon ECS cluster and copy build artifacts to an Amazon S3 bucket with default encryption enabled.

C.

Leverage AWS CodePipeline with a build action and encrypt the artifacts using AWS Secrets Manager.

D.

Use AWS CodeBuild with artifact encryption to replace the Jenkins instance running on EC2 instances.

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Questions 26

A company is examining its disaster recovery capability and wants the ability to switch over its daily operations to a secondary AWS Region. The company uses AWS CodeCommit as a source control tool in the primary Region.

A DevOps engineer must provide the capability for the company to develop code in the secondary Region. If the company needs to use the secondary Region, developers can add an additional remote URL to their local Git configuration.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a CodeCommit repository in the secondary Region. Create an AWS CodeBuild project to perform a Git mirror operation of the primary Region's CodeCommit repository to the secondary Region's CodeCommit repository. Create an AWS Lambda function that invokes the CodeBuild project. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to merge events in the primary Region's CodeCommit repository. Configure the EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda

B.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket in the secondary Region. Create an AWS Fargate task to perform a Git mirror operation of the primary Region's CodeCommit repository and copy the result to the S3 bucket. Create an AWS Lambda function that initiates the Fargate task. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to merge events in the CodeCommit repository. Configure the EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function.

C.

Create an AWS CodeArtifact repository in the secondary Region. Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses the primary Region's CodeCommit repository for the source action. Create a Cross-Region stage in the pipeline that packages the CodeCommit repository contents and stores the contents in the CodeArtifact repository when a pull request is merged into the CodeCommit repository.

D.

Create an AWS Cloud9 environment and a CodeCommit repository in the secondary Region. Configure the primary Region's CodeCommit repository as a remote repository in the AWS Cloud9 environment. Connect the secondary Region's CodeCommit repository to the AWS Cloud9 environment.

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Questions 27

A company runs a development environment website and database on an Amazon EC2 instance that uses Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) storage. The company wants to make the instance more resilient to underlying hardware issues. The company wants to automatically recover the EC2 instance if AWS determines the instance has lost network connectivity.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add the EC2 instance to an Auto Scaling group. Set the minimum, maximum, and desired capacity to 1.

B.

Add the EC2 instance to an Auto Scaling group. Configure a lifecycle hook to detach the EBS volume if the EC2 instance shuts down or terminates.

C.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the StatusCheckFailed_System metric. Add an EC2 action to recover the instance when the alarm state is in ALARM.

D.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the NetworkOut metric. Add an EC2 action to recover the instance when the alarm state is in INSUFFICIENT_DATA.

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Questions 28

A company's DevOps engineer uses AWS Systems Manager to perform maintenance tasks. The company has a few Amazon EC2 instances that require a restart after notifications from AWS Health.

The DevOps engineer must implement an automated solution that uses Amazon EventBridge to remediate the notifications during the company's scheduled maintenance windows.

How should the DevOps engineer configure an EventBridge rule to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure an event source of AWS Health. Configure event types that indicate scheduled instance termination and retirement. Target the AWS-RestartEC2Instance Systems Manager Automation runbook to restart the EC2 instances.

B.

Configure an event source of Systems Manager. Configure an event type that indicates a maintenance window. Target the AWS-RestartEC2Instance Systems Manager Automation runbook to restart the EC2 instances.

C.

Configure an event source of AWS Health. Configure event types that indicate scheduled instance termination and retirement. Target a newly created AWS Lambda function that registers a Systems Manager maintenance window task to restart the EC2 instances.

D.

Configure an event source of EC2. Configure an event type that indicates instance state notification. Target a newly created AWS Lambda function that registers a Systems Manager maintenance window task to restart the EC2 instances.

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Questions 29

A company wants to ensure that their EC2 instances are secure. They want to be notified if any new vulnerabilities are discovered on their instances and they also want an audit trail of all login activities on the instances.

Which solution will meet these requirements'?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Systems Manager to detect vulnerabilities on the EC2 instances Install the Amazon Kinesis Agent to capture system logs and deliver them to Amazon S3.

B.

Use AWS Systems Manager to detect vulnerabilities on the EC2 instances Install the Systems Manager Agent to capture system logs and view login activity in the CloudTrail console.

C.

Configure Amazon CloudWatch to detect vulnerabilities on the EC2 instances Install the AWS Config daemon to capture system logs and view them in the AWS Config console.

D.

Configure Amazon Inspector to detect vulnerabilities on the EC2 instances Install the Amazon CloudWatch Agent to capture system logs and record them via Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

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Questions 30

A company uses AWS and has a VPC that contains critical compute infrastructure with predictable traffic patterns. The company has configured VPC flow logs that are published to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

The company's DevOps team needs to configure a monitoring solution for the VPC flow logs to identify anomalies in network traffic to the VPC over time. If the monitoring solution detects an anomaly, the company needs the ability to initiate a response to the anomaly.

How should the DevOps team configure the monitoring solution to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Subscribe the log group to the data stream. Configure Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics to detect log anomalies in the data stream. Create anAWS Lambda function to use as the output of the data stream. Configure the Lambda function to write to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus in the event of an anomaly finding.

B.

Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream that delivers events to an Amazon S3 bucket. Subscribe the log group to the delivery stream. Configure Amazon Lookout for Metrics to monitor the data in the S3 bucket for anomalies. Create an AWS Lambda function to run in response to Lookout for Metrics anomaly findings. Configure the Lambda function to publish to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus.

C.

Create an AWS Lambda function to detect anomalies. Configure the Lambda function to publish an event to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus if the Lambda function detects an anomaly. Subscribe the Lambda function to the log group.

D.

Create an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Subscribe the log group to the data stream. Create an AWS Lambda function to detect log anomalies. Configure the Lambda function to write to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus if the Lambda function detects an anomaly. Set the Lambda function as the processor for the data stream.

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Questions 31

A company has set up AWS CodeArtifact repositories with public upstream repositories The company's development team consumes open source dependencies from the repositories in the company's internal network.

The company's security team recently discovered a critical vulnerability in the most recent version of a package that the development team consumes. The security team has produced a patched version to fix the vulnerability. The company needs to prevent the vulnerable version from being downloaded. The company also needs to allow the security team to publish the patched version.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? {Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Update the status of the affected CodeArtifact package version to unlisted

B.

Update the status of the affected CodeArtifact package version to deleted

C.

Update the status of the affected CodeArtifact package version to archived.

D.

Update the CodeArtifact package origin control settings to allow direct publishing and to block upstream operations

E.

Update the CodeArtifact package origin control settings to block direct publishing and to allow upstream operations.

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Questions 32

A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. When the application starts up. the application needs to process data from an Amazon S3 bucket before the application can start to serve requests.

The size of the data that is stored in the S3 bucket is growing. When the Auto Scaling group adds new instances, the application now takes several minutes to download and process the data before the application can serve requests. The company must reduce the time that elapses before new EC2 instances are ready to serve requests.

Which solution is the MOST cost-effective way to reduce the application startup time?

Options:

A.

Configure a warm pool for the Auto Scaling group with warmed EC2 instances in the Stopped state. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.

B.

Increase the maximum instance count of the Auto Scaling group. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.

C.

Configure a warm pool for the Auto Scaling group with warmed EC2 instances in the Running state. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.

D.

Increase the maximum instance count of the Auto Scaling group. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook and to place the new instance in the Standby state when the application is ready to serve requests.

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Questions 33

A company plans to use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor its Amazon EC2 instances. The company needs to stop EC2 instances when the average of the NetworkPacketsIn metric is less than 5 for at least 3 hours in a 12-hour time window. The company must evaluate the metric every hour. The EC2 instances must continue to run if there is missing data for the NetworkPacketsIn metric during the evaluation period.

A DevOps engineer creates a CloudWatch alarm for the NetworkPacketsIn metric. The DevOps engineer configures a threshold value of 5 and an evaluation period of 1 hour.

Which set of additional actions should the DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the Datapoints to Alarm value to be 3 out of 12. Configure the alarm to treat missing data as breaching the threshold. Add an AWS Systems Manager action to stop the instance when the alarm enters the ALARM state.

B.

Configure the Datapoints to Alarm value to be 3 out of 12. Configure the alarm to treat missing data as not breaching the threshold. Add an EC2 action to stop the instance when the alarm enters the ALARM state.

C.

Configure the Datapoints to Alarm value to be 9 out of 12. Configure the alarm to treat missing data as breaching the threshold. Add an EC2 action to stop the instance when the alarm enters the ALARM state.

D.

Configure the Datapoints to Alarm value to be 9 out of 12. Configure the alarm to treat missing data as not breaching the threshold. Add an AWS Systems Manager action to stop the instance when the alarm enters the ALARM state.

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Questions 34

An AWS CodePipeline pipeline has implemented a code release process. The pipeline is integrated with AWS CodeDeploy to deploy versions of an application to multiple Amazon EC2 instances for each CodePipeline stage.

During a recent deployment the pipeline failed due to a CodeDeploy issue. The DevOps team wants to improve monitoring and notifications during deployment to decrease resolution times.

What should the DevOps engineer do to create notifications. When issues are discovered?

Options:

A.

Implement Amazon CloudWatch Logs for CodePipeline and CodeDeploy create an AWS Config rule to evaluate code deployment issues, and create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

B.

Implement Amazon EventBridge for CodePipeline and CodeDeploy create an AWS Lambda function to evaluate code deployment issues, and create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

C.

Implement AWS CloudTrail to record CodePipeline and CodeDeploy API call information create an AWS Lambda function to evaluate code deployment issues and create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

D.

Implement Amazon EventBridge for CodePipeline and CodeDeploy create an Amazon. Inspector assessment target to evaluate code deployment issues and create an Amazon Simple. Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

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Questions 35

A company hosts a security auditing application in an AWS account. The auditing application uses an IAM role to access other AWS accounts. All the accounts are in the same organization in AWS Organizations.

A recent security audit revealed that users in the audited AWS accounts could modify or delete the auditing application's IAM role. The company needs to prevent any modification to the auditing application's IAM role by any entity other than a trusted administrator IAM role.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an SCP that includes a Deny statement for changes to the auditing application's IAM role. Include a condition that allows the trusted administrator IAM role to make changes. Attach the SCP to the root of the organization.

B.

Create an SCP that includes an Allow statement for changes to the auditing application's IAM role by the trusted administrator IAM role. Include a Deny statement for changes by all other IAM principals. Attach the SCP to the IAM service in each AWS account where the auditing application has an IAM role.

C.

Create an IAM permissions boundary that includes a Deny statement for changes to the auditing application's IAM role. Include a condition that allows the trusted administrator IAM role to make changes. Attach the permissions boundary to the audited AWS accounts.

D.

Create an IAM permissions boundary that includes a Deny statement for changes to the auditing application’s IAM role. Include a condition that allows the trusted administrator IAM role to make changes. Attach the permissions boundary to the auditing application's IAM role in the AWS accounts.

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Questions 36

A company has an application that runs on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The application requires frequent restarts. The application logs contain error messages when a restart is required. The application logs are published to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

An Amazon CloudWatch alarm notifies an application engineer through an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when the logs contain a large number of restart-related error messages. The application engineer manually restarts the application on the instances after the application engineer receives a notification from the SNS topic.

A DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution to automate the application restart on the instances without restarting the instances.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient manner?

Options:

A.

Configure an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook that runs a script to restart the application on the instances. Configure the SNS topic to invoke the runbook.

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function that restarts the application on the instances. Configure the Lambda function as an event destination of the SNS topic.

C.

Configure an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook that runs a script to restart the application on the instances. Create an AWS Lambda function to invoke the runbook. Configure the Lambda function as an event destination of the SNS topic.

D.

Configure an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook that runs a script to restart the application on the instances. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts when the CloudWatch alarm enters ALARM state. Specify the runbook as a target of the rule.

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Questions 37

An application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). A DevOps engineer is using AWS CodeDeploy to release a new version. The deployment fails during the AlIowTraffic lifecycle event, but a cause for the failure is not indicated in the deployment logs.

What would cause this?

Options:

A.

The appspec. yml file contains an invalid script that runs in the AllowTraffic lifecycle hook.

B.

The user who initiated the deployment does not have the necessary permissions to interact with the ALB.

C.

The health checks specified for the ALB target group are misconfigured.

D.

The CodeDeploy agent was not installed in the EC2 instances that are pad of the ALB target group.

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Questions 38

An Amazon EC2 instance is running in a VPC and needs to download an object from a restricted Amazon S3 bucket. When the DevOps engineer tries to download the object, an AccessDenied error is received,

What are the possible causes tor this error? (Select TWO,)

Options:

A.

The 53 bucket default encryption is enabled.

B.

There is an error in the S3 bucket policy.

C.

The object has been moved to S3 Glacier.

D.

There is an error in the IAM role configuration.

E.

S3 Versioning is enabled.

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Questions 39

A DevOps engineer needs to install antivirus software on all Amazon EC2 instances in an AWS account. The EC2 instances run the most recent Amazon Linux version. The solution must detect all instances and use an AWS Systems Manager document to install the software if missing.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an association in Systems Manager State Manager targeting all managed nodes. Include the software and Systems Manager document.

B.

Use AWS Config with a custom rule to check for antivirus installation. Configure automatic remediation using the Systems Manager document.

C.

Use Amazon Inspector to detect missing software and associate with Systems Manager automation.

D.

Use EventBridge to detect EC2 RunInstances events and trigger SSM automation.

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Questions 40

A company builds a container image in an AWS CodeBuild project by running Docker commands. After the container image is built, the CodeBuild project uploads the container image to an Amazon S3 bucket. The CodeBuild project has an 1AM service role that has permissions to access the S3 bucket.

A DevOps engineer needs to replace the S3 bucket with an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository to store the container images. The DevOps engineer creates an ECR private image repository in the same AWS Region of the CodeBuild project. The DevOps engineer adjusts the 1AM service role with the permissions that are necessary to work with the new ECR repository. The DevOps engineer also places new repository information into the docker build command and the docker push command that are used in the buildspec.yml file.

When the CodeBuild project runs a build job, the job fails when the job tries to access the ECR repository.

Which solution will resolve the issue of failed access to the ECR repository?

Options:

A.

Update the buildspec.yml file to log in to the ECR repository by using the aws ecr get-login-password AWS CLI command to obtain an authentication token. Update the docker login command to use the authentication token to access the ECR repository.

B.

Add an environment variable of type SECRETS_MANAGER to the CodeBuild project. In the environment variable, include the ARN of the CodeBuild project's lAM service role. Update the buildspec.yml file to use the new environment variable to log in with the docker login command to access the ECR repository.

C.

Update the ECR repository to be a public image repository. Add an ECR repository policy that allows the 1AM service role to have access.

D.

Update the buildspec.yml file to use the AWS CLI to assume the 1AM service role for ECR operations. Add an ECR repository policy that allows the 1AM service role to have access.

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Questions 41

A company has a single developer writing code for an automated deployment pipeline. The developer is storing source code in an Amazon S3 bucket for each project. The company wants to add more developers to the team but is concerned about code conflicts and lost work The company also wants to build a test environment to deploy newer versions of code for testing and allow developers to automatically deploy to both environments when code is changed in the repository.

What is the MOST efficient way to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CodeCommit repository tor each project, use the mam branch for production code: and create a testing branch for code deployed to testing Use feature branches to develop new features and pull requests to merge code to testing and main branches.

B.

Create another S3 bucket for each project for testing code, and use an AWS Lambda function to promote code changes between testing and production buckets Enable versioning on all buckets to prevent code conflicts.

C.

Create an AWS CodeCommit repository for each project, and use the main branch for production and test code with different deployment pipelines for each environment Use feature branches to develop new features.

D.

Enable versioning and branching on each S3 bucket, use the main branch for production code, and create a testing branch for code deployed to testing. Have developers use each branch for developing in each environment.

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Questions 42

A DevOps engineer updates an AWS CloudFormation stack to add a nested stack that includes several Amazon EC2 instances. When the DevOps engineer attempts to deploy the updated stack, the nested stack fails to deploy. What should the DevOps engineer do to determine the cause of the failure?

Options:

A.

Use the CloudFormation detect root cause capability for the failed stack to analyze the failure and return the event that is the most likely cause for the failure.

B.

Query failed stacks by specifying the root stack as the ParentId property. Examine the StackStatusReason property for all returned stacks to determine the reason the nested stack failed to deploy.

C.

Activate AWS Systems Manager for the AWS account where the application runs. Use the AWS Systems Manager Automation AWSSupport-TroubleshootCFNCustomResource runbook to determine the reason the nested stack failed to deploy.

D.

Configure the CloudFormation template to publish logs to Amazon CloudWatch. View the CloudFormation logs for the failed stack in the CloudWatch console to determine the reason the nested stack failed to deploy.

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Questions 43

A company uses AWS WAF to protect its cloud infrastructure. A DevOps engineer needs to give an operations team the ability to analyze log messages from AWS WAR. The operations team needs to be able to create alarms for specific patterns in the log output.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Configure the appropriate AWS WAF web ACL to send log messages to the log group. Instruct the operations team to create CloudWatch metric filters.

B.

Create an Amazon OpenSearch Service cluster and appropriate indexes. Configure an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to stream log data to the indexes. Use OpenSearch Dashboards to create filters and widgets.

C.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket for the log output. Configure AWS WAF to send log outputs to the S3 bucket. Instruct the operations team to create AWS Lambda functions that detect each desired log message pattern. Configure the Lambda functions to publish to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

D.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket for the log output. Configure AWS WAF to send log outputs to the S3 bucket. Use Amazon Athena to create an external table definition that fits the log message pattern. Instruct the operations team to write SOL queries and to create Amazon CloudWatch metric filters for the Athena queries.

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Questions 44

A company has chosen AWS to host a new application. The company needs to implement a multi-account strategy. A DevOps engineer creates a new AWS account and an organization in AWS Organizations. The DevOps engineer also creates the OU structure for the organization and sets up a landing zone by using AWS Control Tower.

The DevOps engineer must implement a solution that automatically deploys resources for new accounts that users create through AWS Control Tower Account Factory. When a user creates a new account, the solution must apply AWS CloudFormation templates and SCPs that are customized for the OU or the account to automatically deploy all the resources that are attached to the account. All the OUs are enrolled in AWS Control Tower.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST automated way?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Service Catalog with AWS Control Tower. Create portfolios and products in AWS Service Catalog. Grant granular permissions to provision these resources. Deploy SCPs by using the AWS CLI and JSON documents.

B.

Deploy CloudFormation stack sets by using the required templates. Enable automatic deployment. Deploy stack instances to the required accounts. Deploy a CloudFormation stack set to the organization’s management account to deploy SCPs.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to detect the CreateManagedAccount event. Configure AWS Service Catalog as the target to deploy resources to any new accounts. Deploy SCPs by using the AWS CLI and JSON documents.

D.

Deploy the Customizations for AWS Control Tower (CfCT) solution. Use an AWS CodeCommit repository as the source. In the repository, create a custom package that includes the CloudFormation templates and the SCP JSON documents.

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Questions 45

A company is developing code and wants to use semantic versioning. The company's DevOps team needs to create a pipeline for compiling the code. The team also needs to manage versions of the compiled code. If the code uses any open source libraries, the libraries must also be cached in the build process. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CodeArtifact repository and associate the upstream repositories. Create an AWS CodeBuild project that builds the semantic version of the code artifacts. Configure the project to authenticate and connect to the CodeArtifact repository and publish the artifact to the repository.

B.

Use AWS CodeDeploy to upload the generated semantic version of the artifact to an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system.

C.

Use an AWS CodeBuild project to build the code and to publish the generated semantic version of the artifact to AWS Artifact. Configure build caching in the CodeBuild project.

D.

Create a new AWS CodeArtifact repository. Create an AWS Lambda function that pulls open source packages from the internet and publishes the packages to the repository. Configure AWS CodeDeploy to build semantic versions of the code and publish the versions to the repository.

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Questions 46

A SaaS company uses ECS (Fargate) behind an ALB and CodePipeline + CodeDeploy for blue/green deployments. They need automatic, incremental traffic shifting over time with no downtime.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use TimeBasedLinear in appspec.yaml with defined percentage and interval.

B.

Use AllAtOnce deployment configuration.

C.

Use TimeBasedCanary.

D.

Configure weighted routing on ALB manually.

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Questions 47

A healthcare services company is concerned about the growing costs of software licensing for an application for monitoring patient wellness. The company wants to create an audit process to ensure that the application is running exclusively on Amazon EC2 Dedicated Hosts. A DevOps engineer must create a workflow to audit the application to ensure compliance.

What steps should the engineer take to meet this requirement with the LEAST administrative overhead?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Systems Manager Configuration Compliance. Use calls to the put-compliance-items API action to scan and build a database of noncompliant EC2 instances based on their host placement configuration. Use an Amazon DynamoDB table to store these instance IDs for fast access. Generate a report through Systems Manager by calling the list-compliance-summaries API action.

B.

Use custom Java code running on an EC2 instance. Set up EC2 Auto Scaling for the instance depending on the number of instances to be checked. Send the list of noncompliant EC2 instance IDs to an Amazon SQS queue. Set up another worker instance to process instance IDs from the SQS queue and write them to Amazon DynamoDB. Use an AWS Lambda function to terminate noncompliant instance IDs obtained from the queue, and send them to an Amazon SNS

C.

Use AWS Config. Identify all EC2 instances to be audited by enabling Config Recording on all Amazon EC2 resources for the region. Create a custom AWS Config rule that triggers an AWS Lambda function by using the "config-rule-change-triggered" blueprint. Modify the LambdaevaluateCompliance () function to verify host placement to return a NON_COMPLIANT result if the instance is not running on an EC2 Dedicated Host. Use the AWS Config report t

D.

Use AWS CloudTrail. Identify all EC2 instances to be audited by analyzing all calls to the EC2 RunCommand API action. Invoke a AWS Lambda function that analyzes the host placement of the instance. Store the EC2 instance ID of noncompliant resources in an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. Generate a report by querying the RDS instance and exporting the query results to a CSV text file.

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Questions 48

A rapidly growing company wants to scale for developer demand for AWS development environments. Development environments are created manually in the AWS Management Console. The networking team uses AWS CloudFormation to manage the networking infrastructure, exporting stack output values for the Amazon VPC and all subnets. The development environments have common standards, such as Application Load Balancers, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups, security groups, and Amazon DynamoDB tables.

To keep up with demand, the DevOps engineer wants to automate the creation of development environments. Because the infrastructure required to support the application is expected to grow, there must be a way to easily update the deployed infrastructure. CloudFormation will be used to create a template for the development environments.

Which approach will meet these requirements and quickly provide consistent AWS environments for developers?

Options:

A.

Use Fn::ImportValue intrinsic functions in the Resources section of the template to retrieve Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and subnet values. Use CloudFormation StackSets for the development environments, using the Count input parameter to indicate the number of environments needed. Use the UpdateStackSet command to update existing development environments.

B.

Use nested stacks to define common infrastructure components. To access the exported values, use TemplateURL to reference the networking team’s template. To retrieve Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and subnet values, use Fn::ImportValue intrinsic functions in the Parameters section of the root template. Use the CreateChangeSet and ExecuteChangeSet commands to update existing development environments.

C.

Use nested stacks to define common infrastructure components. Use Fn::ImportValue intrinsic functions with the resources of the nested stack to retrieve Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and subnet values. Use the CreateChangeSet and ExecuteChangeSet commands to update existing development environments.

D.

Use Fn::ImportValue intrinsic functions in the Parameters section of the root template to retrieve Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and subnet values. Define the development resources in the order they need to be created in the CloudFormation nested stacks. Use the CreateChangeSet. and ExecuteChangeSet commands to update existing development environments.

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Questions 49

A company runs an application on Amazon EKS. The company needs comprehensive logging for control plane and nodes, analyze API requests, and monitor container performance with minimal operational overhead.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable CloudTrail for control plane logging; deploy Logstash as a ReplicaSet on nodes; use OpenSearch to store and analyze logs.

B.

Enable control plane logging for EKS and send logs to CloudWatch; use CloudWatch Container Insights for node and container logs; use CloudWatch Logs Insights to query logs.

C.

Enable API server control plane logging and send to S3; deploy Kubernetes Event Exporter on nodes; send logs to S3; use Athena and QuickSight for analysis.

D.

Use AWS Distro for OpenTelemetry; stream logs to Firehose; analyze data in Redshift.

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Questions 50

A company operates sensitive workloads across the AWS accounts that are in the company's organization in AWS Organizations The company uses an IP address range to delegate IP addresses for Amazon VPC CIDR blocks and all non-cloud hardware.

The company needs a solution that prevents principals that are outside the company's IP address range from performing AWS actions In the organization's accounts

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Firewall Manager for the organization. Create an AWS Network Firewall policy that allows only source traffic from the company's IP address range Set the policy scope to all accounts in the organization.

B.

In Organizations, create an SCP that denies source IP addresses that are outside of the company s IP address range. Attach the SCP to the organization's root

C.

Configure Amazon GuardDuty for the organization. Create a GuardDuty trusted IP address list for the company's IP range Activate the trusted IP list for the organization.

D.

In Organizations, create an SCP that allows source IP addresses that are inside of the company s IP address range. Attach the SCP to the organization's root.

Questions 51

A company has an organization in AWS Organizations. A DevOps engineer needs to maintain multiple AWS accounts that belong to different OUs in the organization. All resources, including 1AM policies and Amazon S3 policies within an account, are deployed through AWS CloudFormation. All templates and code are maintained in an AWS CodeCommit repository Recently, some developers have not been able to access an S3 bucket from some accounts in the organization.

The following policy is attached to the S3 bucket.

What should the DevOps engineer do to resolve this access issue?

Options:

A.

Modify the S3 bucket policy Turn off the S3 Block Public Access setting on the S3 bucket In the S3 policy, add the awsSourceAccount condition. Add the AWS account IDs of all developers who are experiencing the issue.

B.

Verify that no 1AM permissions boundaries are denying developers access to the S3 bucket Make the necessary changes to IAM permissions boundaries. Use an AWS Config recorder in the individual developer accounts that are experiencing the issue to revert any changes that are blocking access. Commit the fix back into the CodeCommit repository. Invoke deployment through Cloud Formation to apply the changes.

C.

Configure an SCP that stops anyone from modifying 1AM resources in developer OUs. In the S3 policy, add the awsSourceAccount condition. Add the AWS account IDs of all developers who are experiencing the issue Commit the fix back into the CodeCommit repository Invoke deployment through CloudFormation to apply the changes

D.

Ensure that no SCP is blocking access for developers to the S3 bucket Ensure that no 1AM policy permissions boundaries are denying access to developer 1AM users Make the necessary changes to the SCP and 1AM policy permissions boundaries in the CodeCommit repository Invoke deployment through CloudFormation to apply the changes

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Questions 52

An online retail company based in the United States plans to expand its operations to Europe and Asia in the next six months. Its product currently runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. All data is stored in an Amazon Aurora database instance.

When the product is deployed in multiple regions, the company wants a single product catalog across all regions, but for compliance purposes, its customer information and purchases must be kept in each region.

How should the company meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of application changes?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon Redshift for the product catalog and Amazon DynamoDB tables for the customer information and purchases.

B.

Use Amazon DynamoDB global tables for the product catalog and regional tables for the customer information and purchases.

C.

Use Aurora with read replicas for the product catalog and additional local Aurora instances in each region for the customer information and purchases.

D.

Use Aurora for the product catalog and Amazon DynamoDB global tables for the customer information and purchases.

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Questions 53

A DevOps engineer used an AWS Cloud Formation custom resource to set up AD Connector. The AWS Lambda function ran and created AD Connector, but Cloud Formation is not transitioning from CREATE_IN_PROGRESS to CREATE_COMPLETE.

Which action should the engineer take to resolve this issue?

Options:

A.

Ensure the Lambda function code has exited successfully.

B.

Ensure the Lambda function code returns a response to the pre-signed URL.

C.

Ensure the Lambda function IAM role has cloudformation UpdateStack permissions for the stack ARN.

D.

Ensure the Lambda function IAM role has ds ConnectDirectory permissions for the AWS account.

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Questions 54

A company has an organization in AWS Organizations for its multi-account environment. A DevOps engineer is developing an AWS CodeArtifact based strategy for application package management across the organization. Each application team at the company has its own account in the organization. Each application team also has limited access to a centralized shared services account.

Each application team needs full access to download, publish, and grant access to its own packages. Some common library packages that the application teams use must also be shared with the entire organization.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative overhead? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create a domain in each application team's account. Grant each application team's account lull read access and write access to the application team's domain

B.

Create a domain in the shared services account Grant the organization read access and CreateRepository access.

C.

Create a repository in each application team's account. Grant each application team's account lull read access and write access to its own repository.

D.

Create a repository in the shared services account. Grant the organization read access to the repository in the shared services account. Set the repository as the upstream repository in each application team's repository.

E.

For teams that require shared packages, create resource-based policies that allow read access to the repository from other application teams' accounts.

F.

Set the other application teams' repositories as upstream repositories.

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Questions 55

A company gives its employees limited rights to AWS DevOps engineers have the ability to assume an administrator role. For tracking purposes, the security team wants to receive a near-real-time notification when the administrator role is assumed.

How should this be accomplished?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Config to publish logs to an Amazon S3 bucket Use Amazon Athena to query the logs and send a notification to the security team when the administrator role is assumed

B.

Configure Amazon GuardDuty to monitor when the administrator role is assumed and send a notification to the security team

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge event rule using an AWS Management Console sign-in events event pattern that publishes a message to an Amazon SNS topic if the administrator role is assumed

D.

Create an Amazon EventBridge events rule using an AWS API call that uses an AWS CloudTrail event pattern to invoke an AWS Lambda function that publishes a message to an Amazon SNS topic if the administrator role is assumed.

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Questions 56

A company wants to use a grid system for a proprietary enterprise m-memory data store on top of AWS. This system can run in multiple server nodes in any Linux-based distribution. The system must be able to reconfigure the entire cluster every time a node is added or removed. When adding or removing nodes an /etc./cluster/nodes config file must be updated listing the IP addresses of the current node members of that cluster.

The company wants to automate the task of adding new nodes to a cluster.

What can a DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS OpsWorks Stacks to layer the server nodes of that cluster. Create a Chef recipe that populates the content of the 'etc./cluster/nodes config file and restarts the service by using the current members of the layer. Assign that recipe to the Configure lifecycle event.

B.

Put the file nodes config in version control. Create an AWS CodeDeploy deployment configuration and deployment group based on an Amazon EC2 tag value for thecluster nodes. When adding a new node to the cluster update the file with all tagged instances and make a commit in version control. Deploy the new file and restart the services.

C.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket and upload a version of the /etc./cluster/nodes config file Create a crontab script that will poll for that S3 file and download it frequently. Use a process manager such as Monit or system, to restart the cluster services when it detects that the new file was modified. When adding a node to the cluster edit the file's most recent members Upload the new file to the S3 bucket.

D.

Create a user data script that lists all members of the current security group of the cluster and automatically updates the /etc/cluster/. nodes config. Tile whenever a new instance is added to the cluster.

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Questions 57

A company has developed a serverless web application that is hosted on AWS. The application consists of Amazon S3. Amazon API Gateway, several AWS Lambda functions, and an Amazon RDS for MySQL database. The company is using AWS CodeCommit to store the source code. The source code is a combination of AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) templates and Python code.

A security audit and penetration test reveal that user names and passwords for authentication to the database are hardcoded within CodeCommit repositories. A DevOps engineer must implement a solution to automatically detect and prevent hardcoded secrets.

What is the MOST secure solution that meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable Amazon CodeGuru Profiler. Decorate the handler function with @with_lambda_profiler(). Manually review the recommendation report. Write the secret to AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store as a secure string. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from Parameter Store.

B.

Associate the CodeCommit repository with Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer. Manually check the code review for any recommendations. Choose the option to protect the secret. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from AWS Secrets Manager.

C.

Enable Amazon CodeGuru Profiler. Decorate the handler function with @with_lambda_profiler(). Manually review the recommendation report. Choose the option to protect the secret. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from AWS Secrets Manager.

D.

Associate the CodeCommit repository with Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer. Manually check the code review for any recommendations. Write the secret to AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store as a string. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from Parameter Store.

Questions 58

A company sells products through an ecommerce web application The company wants a dashboard that shows a pie chart of product transaction details. The company wants to integrate the dashboard With the company’s existing Amazon CloudWatch dashboards

Which solution Will meet these requirements With the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Update the ecommerce application to emit a JSON object to a CloudWatch log group for each processed transaction. Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to query the log group and to visualize the results in a pie chart format Attach the results to the desired CloudWatch dashboard.

B.

Update the ecommerce application to emit a JSON object to an Amazon S3 bucket for each processed transaction. Use Amazon Athena to query the S3 bucket and to visualize the results In a Pie chart format. Export the results from Athena Attach the results to the desired CloudWatch dashboard

C.

Update the ecommerce application to use AWS X-Ray for instrumentation. Create a new X-Ray subsegment Add an annotation for each processed transaction. Use X-Ray traces to query the data and to visualize the results in a pie chart format Attach the results to the desired CloudWatch dashboard

D.

Update the ecommerce application to emit a JSON object to a CloudWatch log group for each processed transaction_ Create an AWS Lambda function to aggregate and write the results to Amazon DynamoDB. Create a Lambda subscription filter for the log file. Attach the results to the desired CloudWatch dashboard.

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Questions 59

A DevOps engineer manages a large commercial website that runs on Amazon EC2. The website uses Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to collect and process web togs. The DevOps engineer manages the Kinesis consumer application, which also runs on Amazon EC2.

Sudden increases of data cause the Kinesis consumer application to (all behind and the Kinesis data streams drop records before the records can be processed. The DevOps engineer must implement a solution to improve stream handling.

Which solution meets these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Modify the Kinesis consumer application to store the logs durably in Amazon S3 Use Amazon EMR to process the data directly on Amazon S3 to derive customer insights Store the results in Amazon S3.

B.

Horizontally scale the Kinesis consumer application by adding more EC2 instances based on the Amazon CloudWatch GetRecords IteratorAgeMilliseconds metric Increase the retention period of the Kinesis data streams.

C.

Convert the Kinesis consumer application to run as an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Kinesis data streams as the event source for the Lambda function to process the data streams

D.

Increase the number of shards in the Kinesis data streams to increase the overall throughput so that the consumer application processes the data faster.

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Questions 60

A company deploys a web application on Amazon EC2 instances that are behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company stores the application code in an AWS CodeCommit repository. When code is merged to the main branch, an AWS Lambda function invokes an AWS CodeBuild project. The CodeBuild project packages the code, stores the packaged code in AWS CodeArtifact, and invokes AWS Systems Manager Run Command to deploy the packaged code to the EC2 instances.

Previous deployments have resulted in defects, EC2 instances that are not running the latest version of the packaged code, and inconsistencies between instances.

Which combination of actions should a DevOps engineer take to implement a more reliable deployment solution? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that uses the CodeCommit repository as a source provider. Configure pipeline stages that run the CodeBuild project in parallel to build and test the application. In the pipeline, pass the CodeBuild project output artifact to an AWS CodeDeploy action.

B.

Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that uses the CodeCommit repository as a source provider. Create separate pipeline stages that run a CodeBuild project to build and then test the application. In the pipeline, pass the CodeBuild project output artifact to an AWS CodeDeploy action.

C.

Create an AWS CodeDeploy application and a deployment group to deploy the packaged code to the EC2 instances. Configure the ALB for the deployment group.

D.

Create individual Lambda functions that use AWS CodeDeploy instead of Systems Manager to run build, test, and deploy actions.

E.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Modify the CodeBuild project to store the packages in the S3 bucket instead of in CodeArtifact. Use deploy actions in CodeDeploy to deploy the artifact to the EC2 instances.

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Questions 61

A company uses Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda functions to implement an API. The company uses a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline to build and deploy the API. The pipeline contains a source stage, build stage, and deployment stage.

The company deploys the API without performing smoke tests. Soon after the deployment, the company observes multiple issues with the API. A security audit finds security vulnerabilities in the production code.

The company wants to prevent these issues from happening in the future.

Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create a smoke test script that returns an error code if the API code fails the test. Add an action in the deployment stage to run the smoke test script after deployment. Configure the deployment stage for automatic rollback.

B.

Create a smoke test script that returns an error code if the API code fails the test. Add an action in the deployment stage to run the smoke test script after deployment. Configure the deployment stage to fail if the smoke test script returns an error code.

C.

Add an action in the build stage that uses Amazon Inspector to scan the Lambda function code after the code is built. Configure the build stage to fail if the scan returns any security findings. D. Add an action in the build stage to run an Amazon CodeGuru code scan after the code is built. Configure the build stage to fail if the scan returns any security findings.

D.

Add an action in the deployment stage to run an Amazon CodeGuru code scan after deployment. Configure the deployment stage to fail if the scan returns any security findings.

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Questions 62

A company uses a series of individual Amazon Cloud Formation templates to deploy its multi-Region Applications. These templates must be deployed in a specific order. The company is making more changes to the templates than previously expected and wants to deploy new templates more efficiently. Additionally, the data engineering team must be notified of all changes to the templates.

What should the company do to accomplish these goals?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Lambda function to deploy the Cloud Formation templates m the required order Use stack policies to alert the data engineering team.

B.

Host the Cloud Formation templates in Amazon S3 Use Amazon S3 events to directly trigger CloudFormation updates and Amazon SNS notifications.

C.

Implement CloudFormation StackSets and use drift detection to trigger update alerts to the data engineering team.

D.

Leverage CloudFormation nested stacks and stack sets (or deployments Use Amazon SNS to notify the data engineering team.

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Questions 63

A company uses the AWS Cloud Development Kit (AWS CDK) to define its application. The company uses a pipeline that consists of AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild to deploy the CDK application. The company wants to introduce unit tests to the pipeline to test various infrastructure components. The company wants to ensure that a deployment proceeds if no unit tests result in a failure.

Which combination of steps will enforce the testing requirement in the pipeline? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Update the CodeBuild build phase commands to run the tests then to deploy the application. Set the OnFailure phase property to ABORT.

B.

Update the CodeBuild build phase commands to run the tests then to deploy the application. Add the --rollback true flag to the cdk deploy command.

C.

Update the CodeBuild build phase commands to run the tests then to deploy the application. Add the --require-approval any-change flag to the cdk deploy command.

D.

Create a test that uses the AWS CDK assertions module. Use the template.hasResourceProperties assertion to test that resources have the expected properties.

E.

Create a test that uses the cdk diff command. Configure the test to fail if any resources have changed.

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Questions 64

A company uses AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory as its identity provider (IdP). The company requires all infrastructure to be

defined and deployed by AWS CloudFormation.

A DevOps engineer needs to create a fleet of Windows-based Amazon EC2 instances to host an application. The DevOps engineer has created a

CloudFormation template that contains an EC2 launch template, IAM role, EC2 security group, and EC2 Auto Scaling group. The DevOps engineer must implement a solution that joins all EC2 instances to the domain of the AWS Managed Microsoft AD directory.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

In the CloudFormation template, create an AWS::SSM::Document resource that joins the EC2 instance to the AWS Managed Microsoft AD domain by using the parameters for the existing directory. Update the launch template to include the SSMAssociation property to use the new SSM document. Attach the AmazonSSMManagedlnstanceCore and AmazonSSMDirectoryServiceAccess AWS managed policies to the IAM role that the EC2 instances use.

B.

In the CloudFormation template, update the launch template to include specific tags that propagate on launch. Create an AWS::SSM::Association resource to associate the AWS-JoinDirectoryServiceDomain Automation runbook with the EC2 instances that have the specified tags. Define the required parameters to join the AWS Managed Microsoft AD directory. Attach the AmazonSSMManagedlnstanceCore and AmazonSSMDirectoryServiceAccess AWS managed polici

C.

Store the existing AWS Managed Microsoft AD domain connection details in AWS Secrets Manager. In the CloudFormation template, create an AWS::SSM::Association resource to associate the AWS-CreateManagedWindowslnstanceWithApproval Automation runbook with the EC2 Auto Scaling group. Pass the ARNs for the parameters from Secrets Manager to join the domain. Attach the AmazonSSMDirectoryServiceAccess and SecretsManagerReadWrite AWS managed polici

D.

Store the existing AWS Managed Microsoft AD domain administrator credentials in AWS Secrets Manager. In the CloudFormation template, update the EC2 launch template to include user data. Configure the user data to pull the administrator credentials from Secrets Manager and to join the AWS Managed Microsoft AD domain. Attach the AmazonSSMManagedlnstanceCore and SecretsManagerReadWrite AWS managed policies to the IAM role that the EC2 instance

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Questions 65

A company has a new AWS account that teams will use to deploy various applications. The teams will create many Amazon S3 buckets for application- specific purposes and to store AWS CloudTrail logs. The company has enabled Amazon Macie for the account.

A DevOps engineer needs to optimize the Macie costs for the account without compromising the account's functionality.

Which solutions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Exclude S3 buckets that contain CloudTrail logs from automated discovery.

B.

Exclude S3 buckets that have public read access from automated discovery.

C.

Configure scheduled daily discovery jobs for all S3 buckets in the account.

D.

Configure discovery jobs to include S3 objects based on the last modified criterion.

E.

Configure discovery jobs to include S3 objects that are tagged as production only.

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Questions 66

A software engineering team is using AWS CodeDeploy to deploy a new version of an application. The team wants to ensure that if any issues arise during the deployment, the process can automatically roll back to the previous version.

During the deployment process, a health check confirms the application's stability. If the health check fails, the deployment must revert automatically.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Implement lifecycle event hooks in the deployment configuration.

B.

Use AWS CloudFormation to monitor the health of the deployment.

C.

Set up alarms in Amazon CloudWatch to start a rollback.

D.

Configure automatic rollback settings in AWS CodeDeploy.

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Questions 67

A company containerized its Java app and uses CodePipeline. They want to scan images in ECR for vulnerabilities and reject images with critical vulnerabilities in a manual approval stage.

Which solution meets these?

Options:

A.

Basic scanning with EventBridge for Inspector findings and Lambda to reject manual approval if critical vulnerabilities found.

B.

Enhanced scanning, Lambda invokes Inspector for SBOM, exports to S3, Athena queries SBOM, rejects manual approval on critical findings.

C.

Enhanced scanning, EventBridge listens to Detective scan findings, Lambda rejects manual approval on critical vulnerabilities.

D.

Enhanced scanning, EventBridge listens to Inspector scan findings, Lambda rejects manual approval on critical vulnerabilities.

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Questions 68

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations that has all features enabled. The company uses AWS Backup in a primary account and uses an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key to encrypt the backups.

The company needs to automate a cross-account backup of the resources that AWS Backup backs up in the primary account. The company configures cross-account backup in the Organizations management account. The company creates a new AWS account in the organization and configures an AWS Backup backup vault in the new account. The company creates a KMS key in the new account to encrypt the backups. Finally, the company configures a new backup plan in the primary account. The destination for the new backup plan is the backup vault in the new account.

When the AWS Backup job in the primary account is invoked, the job creates backups in the primary account. However, the backups are not copied to the new account's backup vault.

Which combination of steps must the company take so that backups can be copied to the new account's backup vault? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Edit the backup vault access policy in the new account to allow access to the primary account.

B.

Edit the backup vault access policy in the primary account to allow access to the new account.

C.

Edit the backup vault access policy in the primary account to allow access to the KMS key in the new account.

D.

Edit the key policy of the KMS key in the primary account to share the key with the new account.

E.

Edit the key policy of the KMS key in the new account to share the key with the primary account.

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Questions 69

A company discovers that its production environment and disaster recovery (DR) environment are deployed to the same AWS Region. All the production applications run on Amazon EC2 instances and are deployed by AWS CloudFormation. The applications use an Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP volume for application storage. No application data resides on the EC2 instances. A DevOps engineer copies the required AMIs to a new DR Region. The DevOps engineer also updates the CloudFormation code to accept a Region as a parameter. The storage needs to have an RPO of 10 minutes in the DR Region. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket in both Regions. Configure S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) for the S3 buckets. Create a scheduled AWS Lambda function to copy any new content from the FSx for ONTAP volume to the S3 bucket in the production Region.

B.

Use AWS Backup to create a backup vault and a custom backup plan that has a 10-minute frequency. Specify the DR Region as the target Region. Assign the EC2 instances in the production Region to the backup plan.

C.

Create an AWS Lambda function to create snapshots of the instance store volumes that are attached to the EC2 instances. Configure the Lambda function to copy the snapshots to the DR Region and to remove the previous copies. Create an Amazon EventBridge scheduled rule that invokes the Lambda function every 10 minutes.

D.

Create an FSx for ONTAP instance in the DR Region. Configure a 5-minute schedule for a volume-level NetApp SnapMirror to replicate the volume from the production Region to the DR Region.

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Questions 70

A company uses S3 to store images and requires multi-Region DR with two-way replication and ≤15-minute latency.

Which steps meet the requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Enable S3 Replication Time Control (RTC) for each replication rule.

B.

Create S3 Multi-Region Access Point (active/passive).

C.

Call SubmitMultiRegionAccessPointRoutes during failover.

D.

Enable S3 Transfer Acceleration.

E.

Use Route 53 ARC routing control.

F.

Use Route 53 ARC to shift traffic during failover.

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Questions 71

A company has configured Amazon RDS storage autoscaling for its RDS DB instances. A DevOps team needs to visualize the autoscaling events on an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard. Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to RDS storage autoscaling events from RDS events. Create an AWS Lambda function that publishes a CloudWatch custom metric. Configure the EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function. Visualize the custom metric by using the CloudWatch dashboard.

B.

Create a trail by using AWS CloudTrail with management events configured. Configure the trail to send the management events to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Create a metric filter in CloudWatch Logs to match the RDS storage autoscaling events. Visualize the metric filter by using the CloudWatch dashboard.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to RDS storage autoscaling events (rom the RDS events. Create a CloudWatch alarm. Configure the EventBridge rule to change the status of the CloudWatch alarm. Visualize the alarm status by using the CloudWatch dashboard.

D.

Create a trail by using AWS CloudTrail with data events configured. Configure the trail to send the data events to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Create a metric filter in CloudWatch Logs to match the RDS storage autoscaling events. Visualize the metric filter by using the CloudWatch dashboard.

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Questions 72

A DevOps engineer is building a multistage pipeline with AWS CodePipeline to build, verify, stage, test, and deploy an application. A manual approval stage is required between the test stage and the deploy stage. The development team uses a custom chat tool with webhook support that requires near-real-time notifications.

How should the DevOps engineer configure status updates for pipeline activity and approval requests to post to the chat tool?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs subscription that filters on CodePipeline Pipeline Execution State Change. Publish subscription events to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Subscribe the chat webhook URL to the SNS topic, and complete the subscription validation.

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function that is invoked by AWS CloudTrail events. When a CodePipeline Pipeline Execution State Change event is detected, send the event details to the chat webhook URL.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that filters on CodePipeline Pipeline Execution State Change. Publish the events to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Create an AWS Lambda function that sends event details to the chat webhook URL. Subscribe the function to the SNS topic.

D.

Modify the pipeline code to send the event details to the chat webhook URL at the end of each stage. Parameterize the URL so that each pipeline can send to a different URL based on the pipeline environment.

Questions 73

A company detects unusual login attempts in many of its AWS accounts. A DevOps engineer must implement a solution that sends a notification to the company's security team when multiple failed login attempts occur. The DevOps engineer has already created an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic and has subscribed the security team to the SNS topic.

Which solution will provide the notification with the LEAST operational effort?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send log management events to an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter to match failed ConsoleLogin events. Create a CloudWatch alarm that is based on the metric filter. Configure an alarm action to send messages to the SNS topic.

B.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send log management events to an Amazon S3 bucket. Create an Amazon Athena query that returns a failure if the query finds failed logins in the logs in the S3 bucket. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to periodically run the query. Create a second EventBridge rule to detect when the query fails and to send a message to the SNS topic.

C.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send log data events to an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Create a CloudWatch logs metric filter to match failed Consolel_ogin events. Create a CloudWatch alarm that is based on the metric filter. Configure an alarm action to send messages to the SNS topic.

D.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send log data events to an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure an Amazon S3 event notification for the s3:ObjectCreated event type. Filter the event type by ConsoleLogin failed events. Configure the event notification to forward to the SNS topic.

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Questions 74

A company has deployed a critical application in two AWS Regions. The application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in both Regions. The company has Amazon Route 53 alias DNS records for both ALBs.

The company uses Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller to ensure that the application can fail over between the two Regions. The Route 53 ARC configuration includes a routing control for both Regions. The company uses Route 53 ARC to perform quarterly disaster recovery (DR) tests.

During the most recent DR test, a DevOps engineer accidentally turned off both routing controls. The company needs to ensure that at least one routing control is turned on at all times.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

In Route 53 ARC. create a new assertion safety rule. Apply the assertion safety rule to the two routing controls. Configure the rule with the ATLEAST type with a threshold of 1.

B.

In Route 53 ARC, create a new gating safety rule. Apply the assertion safety rule to the two routing controls. Configure the rule with the OR type with a threshold of 1.

C.

In Route 53 ARC, create a new resource set. Configure the resource set with an AWS: Route53: HealthCheck resource type. Specify the ARNs of the two routing controls as the target resource. Create a new readiness check for the resource set.

D.

In Route 53 ARC, create a new resource set. Configure the resource set with an AWS: Route53RecoveryReadiness: DNSTargetResource resource type. Add the domain names of the two Route 53 alias DNS records as the target resource. Create a new readiness check for the resource set.

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Questions 75

A large company recently acquired a small company. The large company invited the small company to join the large company's existing organization in AWS Organizations as a new OU. A DevOps engineer determines that the small company needs to launch t3.small Amazon EC2 instance types for the company's application workloads. The small company needs to deploy the instances only within US-based AWS Regions. The DevOps engineer needs to use an SCP in the small company's new OU to ensure that the small company can launch only the required instance types. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure a statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is not equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is not equal to us-.

B.

Configure a statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is not equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is not equal to us-.

C.

Configure a statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is equal to us-.

D.

Configure a statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is equal to us-.

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Questions 76

A company uses AWS Storage Gateway in file gateway mode in front of an Amazon S3 bucket that is used by multiple resources. In the morning when business begins, users do not see the objects processed by a third party the previous evening. When a DevOps engineer looks directly at the S3 bucket, the data is there, but it is missing in Storage Gateway.

Which solution ensures that all the updated third-party files are available in the morning?

Options:

A.

Configure a nightly Amazon EventBridge event to invoke an AWS Lambda function to run the RefreshCache command for Storage Gateway.

B.

Instruct the third party to put data into the S3 bucket using AWS Transfer for SFTP.

C.

Modify Storage Gateway to run in volume gateway mode.

D.

Use S3 Same-Region Replication to replicate any changes made directly in the S3 bucket to Storage Gateway.

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Questions 77

A Company uses AWS CodeCommit for source code control. Developers apply their changes to various feature branches and create pull requests to move those changes to the main branch when the changes are ready for production.

The developers should not be able to push changes directly to the main branch. The company applied the AWSCodeCommitPowerUser managed policy to the developers’ IAM role, and now these developers can push changes to the main branch directly on every repository in the AWS account.

What should the company do to restrict the developers’ ability to push changes to the main branch directly?

Options:

A.

Create an additional policy to include a Deny rule for the GitPush and PutFile actions. Include a restriction for the specific restriction for the specific repositories in the policy repositories in the policy statement with a condition that references the main branch.A Create an additional policy to include a Deny rule for the GitPush and PutFile actions Include a restriction for the specific repositories in the policy statement with a con

B.

Remove the IAM policy, and add an AWSCodeCommitReadOnly managed policy. Add an Allow rule for the GitPush and PutFile actions for the specific repositories in the policy statement with a condition that references the mam branch.

C.

Modify the IAM policy Include a Deny rule for the GitPush and PutFile actions for the specific repositories in the policy statement with a condition that references the main branch.

D.

Create an additional policy to include an Allow rule for the GitPush and PutFile actions. Include a restriction for the specific repositories in the policy statement with a condition that references the feature branches.

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Questions 78

A business has an application that consists of five independent AWS Lambda functions.

The DevOps engineer has built a CI/CD pipeline using AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild that builds tests packages and deploys each Lambda function in sequence. The pipeline uses an Amazon EventBridge rule to ensure the pipeline starts as quickly as possible after a change is made to the application source code.

After working with the pipeline for a few months the DevOps engineer has noticed the pipeline takes too long to complete.

What should the DevOps engineer implement to BEST improve the speed of the pipeline?

Options:

A.

Modify the CodeBuild projects within the pipeline to use a compute type with more available network throughput.

B.

Create a custom CodeBuild execution environment that includes a symmetric multiprocessing configuration to run the builds in parallel.

C.

Modify the CodePipeline configuration to run actions for each Lambda function in parallel by specifying the same runorder.

D.

Modify each CodeBuild protect to run within a VPC and use dedicated instances to increase throughput.

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Questions 79

A company runs a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in a VPC. The company's employees remotely access the EC2 instances by using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). The company wants to collect metrics about how many RDP sessions the employees initiate every day. Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to EC2 Instance State-change Notification events.

B.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Specify the log group as a target for the EventBridge rule.

C.

Create a flow log in VPC Flow Logs.

D.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Specify the log group as a destination for the flow log.

E.

Create a log group metric filter.

F.

Create a log group subscription filter. Use EventBridge as the destination.

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Questions 80

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company needs a solution to improve the company's management of AWS resources in a production account.

The company wants to use AWS CloudFormation to manage all manually created infrastructure. The company must have the ability to strictly control who can make manual changes to AWS infrastructure. The solution must ensure that users can deploy new infrastructure only by making changes to a CloudFormation template that is stored in an AWS CodeConnections compatible Git provider.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST implementation effort? (Select THREE).

Options:

A.

Configure the CloudFormation infrastructure as code (IaC) generator to scan for existing resources in the AWS account. Create a CloudFormation template that includes the scanned resources. Import the CloudFormation template into a new CloudFormation stack.

B.

Configure AWS Config to scan for existing resources in the AWS account. Create a CloudFormation template that includes the scanned resources. Import the CloudFormation template into a new CloudFormation stack.

C.

Use CodeConnections to establish a connection between the Git provider and AWS CodePipeline. Push the CloudFormation template to the Git repository. Run a pipeline in CodePipeline that deploys the CloudFormation stack for every merge into the Git repository.

D.

Use CodeConnections to establish a connection between the Git provider and CloudFormation. Push the CloudFormation template to the Git repository. Sync the Git repository with the CloudFormation stack.

E.

Create an IAM role, and set CloudFormation as the principal. Grant the IAM role access to manage the stack resources. Create an SCP that denies all actions to all the principals except by the IAM role. Link the SCP with the production OU.

F.

Create an IAM role, and set CloudFormation as the principal. Grant the IAM role access to manage the stack resources. Create an SCP that allows all actions to only the IAM role. Link the SCP with the production OU.

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Questions 81

A company has an application that runs on AWS Lambda and sends logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. An Amazon Kinesis data stream is subscribed to the log groups in CloudWatch Logs. A single consumer Lambda function processes the logs from the data stream and stores the logs in an Amazon S3 bucket.

The company's DevOps team has noticed high latency during the processing and ingestion of some logs.

Which combination of steps will reduce the latency? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create a data stream consumer with enhanced fan-out. Set the Lambda function that processes the logs as the consumer.

B.

Increase the ParallelizationFactor setting in the Lambda event source mapping.

C.

Configure reserved concurrency for the Lambda function that processes the logs.

D.

Increase the batch size in the Kinesis data stream.

E.

Turn off the ReportBatchltemFailures setting in the Lambda event source mapping.

F.

Increase the number of shards in the Kinesis data stream.

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Questions 82

A company has an AWS Control Tower landing zone. The company's DevOps team creates a workload OU. A development OU and a production OU are nested under the workload OU. The company grants users full access to the company's AWS accounts to deploy applications.

The DevOps team needs to allow only a specific management 1AM role to manage the 1AM roles and policies of any AWS accounts In only the production OU.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? {Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an SCP that denies full access with a condition to exclude the management 1AM role for the organization root.

B.

Ensure that the FullAWSAccess SCP is applied at the organization root

C.

Create an SCP that allows IAM related actions Attach the SCP to the development OU

D.

Create an SCP that denies IAM related actions with a condition to exclude the management I AM role Attach the SCP to the workload OU

E.

Create an SCP that denies IAM related actions with a condition to exclude the management 1AM role Attach the SCP to the production OU

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Questions 83

A company has a file-reading application that saves files to a database running on Amazon EC2 instances. Regulations require daily file deletions from EC2 instances and deletion of database records older than 60 days. Database record deletion must occur after file deletion. The company needs email notifications for any deletion script failures.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Systems Manager State Manager to automatically invoke an Automation document at the specified time daily. Configure the Automation document to run deletion scripts sequentially via run command. Create an EventBridge rule to send failure notifications to Amazon SNS.

B.

Use AWS Systems Manager State Manager to automatically invoke an Automation document at the specified time daily. Configure the Automation document to run deletion scripts sequentially. Add a conditional check for errors as the last step and send failure notifications via Amazon SES.

C.

Create an EventBridge rule to invoke a Lambda function at the specified time. Configure the Lambda function to run deletion scripts sequentially and send failure notifications via SNS.

D.

Create an EventBridge rule to invoke a Lambda function at the specified time. Configure the Lambda function to run deletion scripts sequentially and send failure notifications via SES.

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Questions 84

A company recently migrated its application to an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster that uses Amazon EC2 instances. The company configured the application to automatically scale based on CPU utilization.

The application produces memory errors when it experiences heavy loads. The application also does not scale out enough to handle the increased load. The company needs to collect and analyze memory metrics for the application over time.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Attach the Cloud WatchAgentServer Pol icy managed 1AM policy to the 1AM instance profile that the cluster uses.

B.

Attach the Cloud WatchAgentServer Pol icy managed 1AM policy to a service account role for the cluster.

C.

Collect performance metrics by deploying the unified Amazon CloudWatch agent to the existing EC2 instances in the cluster. Add the agent to the AMI for any new EC2 instances that are added to the cluster.

D.

Collect performance logs by deploying the AWS Distro for OpenTelemetry collector as a DaemonSet.

E.

Analyze the pod_memory_utilization Amazon CloudWatch metric in the Containerlnsights namespace by using the Service dimension.

F.

Analyze the node_memory_utilization Amazon CloudWatch metric in the Containerlnsights namespace by using the ClusterName dimension.

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Questions 85

A company is hosting a static website from an Amazon S3 bucket. The website is available to customers at example.com. The company uses an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy with a TTL of 1 day. The company has decided to replace the existing static website with a dynamic web application. The dynamic web application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances.

On the day of production launch to customers, the company creates an additional Route 53 weighted DNS record entry that points to the ALB with a weight of 255 and a TTL of 1 hour. Two days later, a DevOps engineer notices that the previous static website is displayed sometimes when customers navigate to example.com.

How can the DevOps engineer ensure that the company serves only dynamic content for example.com?

Options:

A.

Delete all objects, including previous versions, from the S3 bucket that contains the static website content.

B.

Update the weighted DNS record entry that points to the S3 bucket. Apply a weight of 0. Specify the domain reset option to propagate changes immediately.

C.

Configure webpage redirect requests on the S3 bucket with a hostname that redirects to the ALB.

D.

Remove the weighted DNS record entry that points to the S3 bucket from the example.com hosted zone. Wait for DNS propagation to become complete.

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Questions 86

A company has several AWS accounts. An Amazon Connect instance runs in each account. The company uses an Amazon EventBridge default event bus in each account for event handling.

A DevOps team needs to receive all the Amazon Connect events in a single DevOps account.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Update the resource-based policy of the default event bus in each account to allow the DevOps account to replay events. Configure an EventBridge rule in the DevOps account that matches Amazon Connect events and has a target of the default event bus in the other accounts.

B.

Update the resource-based policy of the default event bus in each account to allow the DevOps account to receive events. Configure an EventBridge rule in the DevOps account that matches Amazon Connect events and has a target of the default event bus in the other accounts.

C.

Update the resource-based policy of the default event bus in the DevOps account. Update the policy to allow events to be received from the accounts. Configure an EventBridge rule in each account that matches Amazon Connect events and has a target of the DevOps account's default event bus.

D.

Update the resource-based policy of the default event bus in the DevOps account. Update the policy to allow events to be replayed by the accounts. Configure an EventBridge rule in each account that matches Amazon Connect events and has a target of the DevOps account's default event bus.

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Questions 87

A DevOps learn has created a Custom Lambda rule in AWS Config. The rule monitors Amazon Elastic Container Repository (Amazon ECR) policy statements for ecr:' actions. When a noncompliant repository is detected, Amazon EventBridge uses Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to route the notification to a security team.

When the custom AWS Config rule is evaluated, the AWS Lambda function fails to run.

Which solution will resolve the issue?

Options:

A.

Modify the Lambda function's resource policy to grant AWS Config permission to invoke the function.

B.

Modify the SNS topic policy to include configuration changes for EventBridge to publish to the SNS topic.

C.

Modify the Lambda function's execution role to include configuration changes for custom AWS Config rules.

D.

Modify all the ECR repository policies to grant AWS Config access to the necessary ECR API actions.

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Questions 88

A development team manually builds an artifact locally and then places it in an Amazon S3 bucket. The application has a local cache that must be cleared when a deployment occurs. The team runs a command to do this downloads the artifact from Amazon S3 and unzips the artifact to complete the deployment.

A DevOps team wants to migrate to a CI/CD process and build in checks to stop and roll back the deployment when a failure occurs. This requires the team to track the progression of the deployment.

Which combination of actions will accomplish this? (Select THREE)

Options:

A.

Allow developers to check the code into a code repository Using Amazon EventBridge on every pull into the mam branch invoke an AWS Lambda function to build the artifact and store it in Amazon S3.

B.

Create a custom script to clear the cache Specify the script in the Beforelnstall lifecycle hook in the AppSpec file.

C.

Create user data for each Amazon EC2 instance that contains the clear cache script Once deployed test the application If it is not successful deploy it again.

D.

Set up AWS CodePipeline to deploy the application Allow developers to check the code into a code repository as a source tor the pipeline.

E.

Use AWS CodeBuild to build the artifact and place it in Amazon S3 Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the artifact to Amazon EC2 instances.

F.

Use AWS Systems Manager to fetch the artifact from Amazon S3 and deploy it to all the instances.

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Questions 89

A company uses Amazon Redshift as its data warehouse solution. The company wants to create a dashboard to view changes to the Redshift users and the queries the users perform.

Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch log group. Create an AWS CloudTrail trail that writes to the CloudWatch log group.

B.

Create a new Amazon S3 bucket. Configure default audit logging on the Redshift cluster. Configure the S3 bucket as the target.

C.

Configure the Redshift cluster database audit logging to include user activity logs. Configure Amazon CloudWatch as the target.

D.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard that has a log widget. Configure the widget to display user details from the Redshift logs.

E.

Create an AWS Lambda function that uses Amazon Athena to query the Redshift logs. Create an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard that has a custom widget type that uses the Lambda function.

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Questions 90

A company deployed an Amazon CloudFront distribution that accepts requests and routes to an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API. During a recent security audit, the company discovered that requests from the internet could reach the HTTP API without using the CloudFront distribution.

A DevOps engineer must ensure that connections to the HTTP API use the CloudFront distribution.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable VPC Flow Logs to identify requests that reach the HTTP API.

B.

Deploy AWS WAF in front of the CloudFront distribution.

C.

Implement an identity-based policy on the CloudFront distribution that requires authentication to make requests to the HTTP API.

D.

Implement a custom header in the CloudFront distribution. Implement an AWS Lambda authorizer associated with the HTTP API that verifies the custom header.

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Questions 91

A company’s web app runs on EC2 with a relational database. The company wants highly available multi-Region architecture with latency-based routing for global customers.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

ALB in each Region with Auto Scaling groups; Aurora global database with read replicas; Route 53 latency-based routing to ALBs.

B.

ALB in each Region with Auto Scaling groups; RDS primary in one Region with read replicas in others; Route 53 failover routing to ALBs.

C.

Elastic Beanstalk with ALB in each Region; Aurora global database with read replicas; CloudFront with custom origins for ALBs; Route 53 latency-based routing to CloudFront.

D.

Elastic Beanstalk with ALB in each Region; RDS primary in one Region with read replicas; CloudFront with custom origins for ALBs; Route 53 failover routing to CloudFront.

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Questions 92

A company uses a CI/CD pipeline to deploy its workload in the ap-southeast-2 Region. The company receives images through a Network Load Balancer (NLB) and processes the images in AWS Fargate tasks on an Amazon ECS cluster. An Amazon ECR repository stores the images as Docker images. The company uses Route 53 for DNS. The company saves the images in an S3 bucket and metadata in DynamoDB. The company wants to expand to eu-west-2 with high availability and resilience.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the FEWEST configuration changes? (Select THREE).

Options:

A.

Configure ECR replication to eu-west-2 on the repository. Configure an NLB in eu-west-2 that resolves to Fargate tasks in an ECS cluster in eu-west-2. Configure a latency routing policy in Route 53 for the two workloads.

B.

Configure the DynamoDB table as a global table with a replica in eu-west-2. Configure the Fargate tasks to interact with the DynamoDB table in ap-southeast-2.

C.

Configure the DynamoDB table as a global table with a replica in eu-west-2. Configure the Fargate tasks to interact with the DynamoDB table in the same Region that the tasks run in.

D.

Configure a new S3 bucket in eu-west-2. Configure data replication between the S3 bucket in ap-southeast-2 and the S3 bucket in eu-west-2. Configure the Fargate tasks to use the S3 bucket in the same Region that the tasks run in to perform S3 PUT and GET operations.

E.

Configure an S3 Multi-Region Access Point for the S3 bucket in ap-southeast-2 and a new S3 bucket in eu-west-2. Configure two-way replication on the S3 buckets. Configure the workloads to use the Multi-Region Access Point for S3 PUT and GET operations.

F.

Configure the CI/CD pipeline to deploy ECR images to both Regions. Configure an NLB in eu-west-2 that resolves to Fargate tasks in an ECS cluster in eu-west-2. Configure a failover routing policy in Route 53 for the two workloads.

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Questions 93

A company that uses electronic patient health records runs a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances with an Amazon Linux operating system. The company must continuously ensure that the EC2 instances are running operating system patches and application patches that are in compliance with current privacy regulations. The company uses a custom repository to store application patches.

A DevOps engineer needs to automate the deployment of operating system patches and application patches. The DevOps engineer wants to use both the default operating system patch repository and the custom patch repository.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST effort?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Systems Manager to create a new custom patch baseline that includes the default operating system repository and the custom repository. Run the AWS-RunPatchBaseline document by using the Run command to verify and install patches. Use the BaselineOverride API to configure the new custom patch baseline.

B.

Use AWS Direct Connect to integrate the custom repository with the EC2 instances. Use Amazon EventBridge events to deploy the patches.

C.

Use the yum-config-manager command to add the custom repository to the /etc/yum.repos.d configuration. Run the yum-config-manager-enable command to activate the new repository.

D.

Use AWS Systems Manager to create a patch baseline for the default operating system repository and a second patch baseline for the custom repository. Run the AWS-RunPatchBaseline document by using the Run command to verify and install patches. Use the BaselineOverride API to configure the default patch baseline and the custom patch baseline.

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Questions 94

A company's DevOps engineer uses AWS Systems Manager to perform maintenance tasks during maintenance windows. The company has a few Amazon EC2 instances that require a restart after notifications from AWS Health. The DevOps engineer needs to implement an automated solution to remediate these notifications. The DevOps engineer creates an Amazon EventBridge rule.

How should the DevOps engineer configure the EventBridge rule to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure an event source of AWS Health, a service of EC2. and an event type that indicates instance maintenance. Target a Systems Manager document to restart the EC2 instance.

B.

Configure an event source of Systems Manager and an event type that indicates a maintenance window. Target a Systems Manager document to restart the EC2 instance.

C.

Configure an event source of AWS Health, a service of EC2, and an event type that indicates instance maintenance. Target a newly created AWS Lambda function that registers an automation task to restart the EC2 instance during a maintenance window.

D.

Configure an event source of EC2 and an event type that indicates instance maintenance. Target a newly created AWS Lambda function that registers an automation task to restart the EC2 instance during a maintenance window.

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Questions 95

A company streams logs to CloudWatch Logs. Logs must be searchable for 30 days, low-latency accessible for 90 days, and occasionally retrieved after 180 days.

Which solution is MOST cost-effective?

Options:

A.

Configure log retention of 30 days and export to S3 via Kinesis Data Streams. Use S3 Lifecycle policies.

B.

Configure retention of 30 days and stream to S3 via Kinesis Data Firehose. Transition to S3 One Zone-IA and Glacier Flexible Retrieval.

C.

Configure retention of 30 days and stream via Kinesis Data Streams, then store in S3 Standard-IA and Glacier Instant Retrieval.

D.

Configure retention of 30 days and stream via Kinesis Data Firehose to S3. Transition to S3 Standard-IA (90 days) and Glacier Deep Archive (180 days).

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Questions 96

A company is deploying a new application that uses Amazon EC2 instances. The company needs a solution to query application logs and AWS account API activity Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to send logs from the EC2 instances to Amazon CloudWatch Logs Configure AWS CloudTrail to deliver the API logs to Amazon S3 Use CloudWatch to query both sets of logs.

B.

Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to send logs from the EC2 instances to Amazon CloudWatch Logs Configure AWS CloudTrail to deliver the API logs to CloudWatch Logs Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to query both sets of logs.

C.

Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to send logs from the EC2 instances to Amazon Kinesis Configure AWS CloudTrail to deliver the API logs to Kinesis Use Kinesis to load the data into Amazon Redshift Use Amazon Redshift to query both sets of logs.

D.

Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to send logs from the EC2 instances to Amazon S3 Use AWS CloudTrail to deliver the API togs to Amazon S3 Use Amazon Athena to query both sets of logs in Amazon S3.

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Questions 97

An ecommerce company has chosen AWS to host its new platform. The company's DevOps team has started building an AWS Control Tower landing zone. The DevOps team has set the identity store within AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) to external identity provider (IdP) and has configured SAML 2.0.

The DevOps team wants a robust permission model that applies the principle of least privilege. The model must allow the team to build and manage only the team's own resources.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Create IAM policies that include the required permissions. Include the aws:PrincipalTag condition key.

B.

Create permission sets. Attach an inline policy that includes the required permissions and uses the aws:PrincipalTag condition key to scope the permissions.

C.

Create a group in the IdP. Place users in the group. Assign the group to accounts and the permission sets in IAM Identity Center.

D.

Create a group in the IdP. Place users in the group. Assign the group to OUs and IAM policies.

E.

Enable attributes for access control in IAM Identity Center. Apply tags to users. Map the tags as key-value pairs.

F.

Enable attributes for access control in IAM Identity Center. Map attributes from the IdP as key-value pairs.

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Questions 98

A company has a stateless web application that is deployed on Amazon EC2 instances. The EC2 instances are in a target group behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Amazon Route 53 manages the application domain.

The company updates the application UI and develops a beta version of the application. The company wants to test the beta version on 10% of its traffic.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST number of configuration changes?

Options:

A.

Deploy the beta version to new EC2 instances in a new target group. Associate the new target group with a new ALB. Update the existing Route 53 record to use a weighted routing policy. Add a new Route 53 record that points to the new ALB with the same routing policy. Assign a weight of 90 to the existing record. Assign a weight of 10 to the new record.

B.

Deploy the beta version to new EC2 instances in a new target group. Associate the new target group with the same ALB listener rule. Assign a weight of 90 to the existing target group. Assign a weight of 10 to the new target group.

C.

Refactor the application to implement a feature flag for the beta version by using AWS AppConfig. Use the feature flag to enable the beta version for 10% of the EC2 instances.

D.

Containerize and deploy the application on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the beta version by using the CodeDeployDefault.ECSCanary10Percent15Minutes deployment configuration.

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Questions 99

A DevOps engineer is implementing governance controls for a company that requires its infrastructure to be housed within the United States. The company has many AWS accounts in an organization in AWS Organizations that has all features enabled. The engineer must restrict which AWS Regions the company can use. The engineer must also ensure that an alert is sent as soon as possible if any activity outside the governance policy occurs. The controls must be automatically enabled on any new Region outside the United States. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an Organizations SCP deny policy that has a condition that the aws:RequestedRegion property does not match a list of all US Regions. Include an exception in the policy for global services. Attach the policy to the root of the organization.

B.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Enable CloudTrail for all Regions. Use a CloudWatch Logs metric filter to create a metric in non-US Regions. Configure a CloudWatch alarm to send an alert if the metric is greater than 0.

C.

Use an AWS Lambda function that checks for AWS service activity. Deploy the Lambda function to all Regions. Write an Amazon EventBridge rule that runs the Lambda function every hour. Configure the rule to send an alert if the Lambda function finds any activity in a non-US Region.

D.

Use an AWS Lambda function to query Amazon Inspector to look for service activity in non-US Regions. Configure the Lambda function to send alerts if Amazon Inspector finds any activity.

E.

Create an Organizations SCP allow policy that has a condition that the aws:RequestedRegion property matches a list of all US Regions. Include an exception in the policy for global services. Attach the policy to the root of the organization.

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Questions 100

A company has multiple development teams in different business units that work in a shared single AWS account All Amazon EC2 resources that are created in the account must include tags that specify who created the resources. The tagging must occur within the first hour of resource creation.

A DevOps engineer needs to add tags to the created resources that Include the user ID that created the resource and the cost center ID The DevOps engineer configures an AWS Lambda Function with the cost center mappings to tag the resources. The DevOps engineer also sets up AWS CloudTrail in the AWS account. An Amazon S3 bucket stores the CloudTrail event logs

Which solution will meet the tagging requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an S3 event notification on the S3 bucket to invoke the Lambda function for s3. ObJectTagging:Put events. Enable bucket versioning on the S3 bucket.

B.

Enable server access logging on the S3 bucket. Create an S3 event notification on the S3 bucket for s3. ObjectTaggIng.• events

C.

Create a recurring hourly Amazon EventBridge scheduled rule that invokes the Larnbda function. Modify the Lambda function to read the logs from the S3 bucket

D.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that uses Amazon EC2 as the event source. Configure the rule to match events delivered by CloudTraiI. Configure the rule to target the Lambda function

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Questions 101

A company has developed a static website hosted on an Amazon S3 bucket. The website is deployed using AWS CloudFormation. The CloudFormation template defines an S3 bucket and a custom resource that copies content into the bucket from a source location.

The company has decided that it needs to move the website to a new location, so the existing CloudFormation stack must be deleted and re-created. However, CloudFormation reports that the stack could not be deleted cleanly.

What is the MOST likely cause and how can the DevOps engineer mitigate this problem for this and future versions of the website?

Options:

A.

Deletion has failed because the S3 bucket has an active website configuration. Modify the Cloud Formation template to remove the WebsiteConfiguration properly from the S3 bucket resource.

B.

Deletion has failed because the S3 bucket is not empty. Modify the custom resource's AWS Lambda function code to recursively empty the bucket when RequestType is Delete.

C.

Deletion has failed because the custom resource does not define a deletion policy. Add a DeletionPolicy property to the custom resource definition with a value of RemoveOnDeletion.

D.

Deletion has failed because the S3 bucket is not empty. Modify the S3 bucket resource in the CloudFormation template to add a DeletionPolicy property with a value of Empty.

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Questions 102

An application running on a set of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group requires a configuration file to operate. The instances are created and maintained with AWS CloudFormation. A DevOps engineer wants the instances to have the latest configuration file when launched and wants changes to the configuration file to be reflected on all the instances with a minimal delay when the CloudFormation template is updated. Company policy requires that application configuration files be maintained along with AWS infrastructure configuration files m source control.

Which solution will accomplish this?

Options:

A.

In the CloudFormaiion template add an AWS Config rule. Place the configuration file content in the rule's InputParameters property and set the Scope property to the EC2 Auto Scaling group. Add an AWS Systems Manager Resource Data Sync resource to the template to poll for updates to the configuration.

B.

In the CloudFormation template add an EC2 launch template resource. Place the configuration file content in the launch template. Configure the cfn-mit script to run when the instance is launched and configure the cfn-hup script to poll for updates to the configuration.

C.

In the CloudFormation template add an EC2 launch template resource. Place the configuration file content in the launch template. Add an AWS Systems Manager Resource Data Sync resource to the template to poll for updates to the configuration.

D.

In the CloudFormation template add CloudFormation imt metadata. Place the configuration file content m the metadata. Configure the cfn-init script to run when the instance is launched and configure the cfn-hup script to poll for updates to the configuration.

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Questions 103

To run an application, a DevOps engineer launches an Amazon EC2 instance with public IP addresses in a public subnet. A user data script obtains the application artifacts and installs them on the instances upon launch. A change to the security classification of the application now requires the instances to run with no access to the internet. While the instances launch successfully and show as healthy, the application does not seem to be installed.

Which of the following should successfully install the application while complying with the new rule?

Options:

A.

Launch the instances in a public subnet with Elastic IP addresses attached. Once the application is installed and running, run a script to disassociate the Elastic IP addresses afterwards.

B.

Set up a NAT gateway. Deploy the EC2 instances to a private subnet. Update the private subnet's route table to use the NAT gateway as the default route.

C.

Publish the application artifacts to an Amazon S3 bucket and create a VPC endpoint for S3. Assign an IAM instance profile to the EC2 instances so they can read the application artifacts from the S3 bucket.

D.

Create a security group for the application instances and allow only outbound traffic to the artifact repository. Remove the security group rule once the install is complete.

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Questions 104

A DevOps team supports an application that runs on a large number of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The DevOps team uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy the EC2 instances. The application recently experienced an issue. A single instance returned errors to a large percentage of requests. The EC2 instance responded as healthy to both Amazon EC2 and Elastic Load Balancing health checks. The DevOps team collects application logs in Amazon CloudWatch by using the embedded metric format. The DevOps team needs to receive an alert if any EC2 instance is responsible for more than half of all errors. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create a CloudWatch Contributor Insights rule that groups logs from the CloudWatch application logs based on instance ID and errors.

B.

Create a resource group in AWS Resource Groups. Use the CloudFormation stack to group the resources for the application. Add the application to CloudWatch Application Insights. Use the resource group to identify the application.

C.

Create a metric filter for the application logs to count the occurrence of the term "Error." Create a CloudWatch alarm that uses the METRIC_COUNT function to determine whether errors have occurred. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to send a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify the DevOps team.

D.

Create a CloudWatch alarm that uses the INSIGHT_RULE_METRIC function to determine whether a specific instance is responsible for more than half of all errors reported by EC2 instances. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to send a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify the DevOps team.

E.

Create a CloudWatch subscription filter for the application logs that filters for errors and invokes an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to send the instance ID and error in a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify the DevOps team.

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Questions 105

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The accounts are in an OU that has a policy attached to allow all actions. The company is migrating several Git repositories to a specified AWS CodeConnections supported Git provider. The Git repositories manage AWS CloudFormation stacks for application infrastructure that the company deploys across multiple AWS Regions. The company wants a DevOps team to integrate CodeConnections into the CloudFormation stacks. The DevOps team must ensure that company staff members can integrate only with the specified Git provider. The deployment process must be highly available across Regions. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Add a new SCP statement to the OU that denies the CodeConnections CreatingConnections action where the provider type is not the specified Git provider.

B.

Add a new SCP statement to the OU that allows the CodeConnections CreatingConnections action where the provider type is the specified Git provider.

C.

Use CodeConnections to configure a single CodeConnections connection to each Git repository.

D.

Use CodeConnections to create a CodeConnections connection from each Region where the company operates to each Git repository.

E.

Use CodeConnections to create a CodeConnections repository link. Update each CloudFormation stack to sync from the Git repository.

F.

For each Git repository, create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that has the Git repository set as the source and a CloudFormation deployment stage.

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Questions 106

A company uses AWS CDK and CodePipeline with CodeBuild to deploy applications. The company wants to enforce unit tests before deployment; deployment proceeds only if tests pass.

Which steps enforce this? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Update CodeBuild build commands to run tests then deploy, set OnFailure to ABORT.

B.

Update CodeBuild commands to run tests then deploy, add --rollback true to cdk deploy.

C.

Update CodeBuild commands to run tests then deploy, add --require-approval any-change flag.

D.

Create tests with AWS CDK assertions module, using template.hasResourceProperties assertions.

E.

Create tests that use cdk diff and fail if any resource changes are detected.

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Questions 107

AnyCompany is using AWS Organizations to create and manage multiple AWS accounts AnyCompany recently acquired a smaller company, Example Corp. During the acquisition process, Example Corp's single AWS account joined AnyCompany's management account through an Organizations invitation. AnyCompany moved the new member account under an OU that is dedicated to Example Corp.

AnyCompany's DevOps eng•neer has an IAM user that assumes a role that is named OrganizationAccountAccessRole to access member accounts. This role is configured with a full access policy When the DevOps engineer tries to use the AWS Management Console to assume the role in Example Corp's new member account, the DevOps engineer receives the following error message "Invalid information in one or more fields. Check your information or contact your administrator."

Which solution will give the DevOps engineer access to the new member account?

Options:

A.

In the management account, grant the DevOps engineer's IAM user permission to assume the OrganzatlonAccountAccessR01e IAM role in the new member account.

B.

In the management account, create a new SCR In the SCP, grant the DevOps engineer's IAM user full access to all resources in the new member account. Attach the SCP to the OU that contains the new member account,

C.

In the new member account, create a new IAM role that is named OrganizationAccountAccessRole. Attach the AdmInistratorAccess AVVS managed policy to the role. In the role's trust policy, grant the management account permission to assume the role.

D.

In the new member account edit the trust policy for the Organ zationAccountAccessRole IAM role. Grant the management account permission to assume the role.

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Questions 108

A DevOps engineer needs a resilient CI/CD pipeline that builds container images, stores them in ECR, scans images for vulnerabilities, and is resilient to outages in upstream source image repositories.

Which solution meets this?

Options:

A.

Create a private ECR repo, scan images on push, replicate images from upstream repos with a replication rule.

B.

Create a public ECR repo to cache images from upstream repos, create a private repo to store images, scan images on push.

C.

Create a public ECR repo, configure a pull-through cache rule, create a private repo to store images, enable basic scanning.

D.

Create a private ECR repo, enable basic scanning, create a pull-through cache rule.

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Questions 109

A company is building a serverless application that uses AWS Lambda functions to process data.

A BeginResponse Lambda function initializes data in response to specific application events. The company needs to ensure that a large number of Lambda functions are invoked after the BeginResponse Lambda function runs. Each Lambda function must be invoked in parallel and depends on only the outputs of the BeginResponse Lambda function. Each Lambda function has retry logic for invocation and must be able to fine-tune concurrency without losing data.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Modify the BeginResponse Lambda function to publish to the SNS topic before the BeginResponse Lambda function finishes running. Subscribe all Lambda functions that need to invoke after the BeginResponse Lambda function runs to the SNS topic. Subscribe any new Lambda functions to the SNS topic.

B.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue for each Lambda function that needs to run after the BeginResponse Lambda function runs. Subscribe each Lambda function to its own SQS queue. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Subscribe each SQS queue to the SNS topic. Modify the BeginResponse function to publish to the SNS topic when it finishes running.

C.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue for each Lambda function that needs to run after the BeginResponse Lambda function runs. Subscribe the Lambda function to the SQS queue. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic for each SQS queue. Subscribe the SQS queues to the SNS topics. Modify the BeginResponse function to publish to the SNS topics when the function finishes running.

D.

Create an AWS Step Functions Standard Workflow. Configure states in the workflow to invoke the Lambda functions sequentially. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Modify the BeginResponse Lambda function to publish to the SNS topic before the Lambda function finishes running. Create a new Lambda function that is subscribed to the SNS topic and that invokes the Step Functions workflow.

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Exam Code: DOP-C02
Exam Name: AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional
Last Update: Nov 4, 2025
Questions: 366
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